Insertion sequences related to ISAjo2 target pdif and dif sites and belong to a new IS family, the IS1202 family

Several insertion sequences (IS) found in various Acinetobacter species exhibit target specificity. They are found, in the same orientation, 5 bp from the XerC binding site of the pdif sites associated with dif modules in Acinetobacter plasmids, and searches revealed they are also found near chromosomal dif sites of Acinetobacter species. These IS are 1.5 kb long, bounded by 24-26 bp imperfect terminal inverted repeats (TIRs) and encode a large transposase of 441-457 aa. They generate 5 bp target site dupli-cations (TSDs). Structural predictions of the ISAjo2 transposase, TnpAjo2, modelled on TnsB of Tn7 revealed two N-terminal HTH domains followed by an RNaseH fold (DDE domain), a beta barrel and a C-terminal domain. Similar to Tn7, the outer IS ends are 5 '-TGT and ACA- 3 ', and an additional Tnp binding site, corresponding to the internal portion of the IR, is found near each end. However, the Acinetobacter IS do not encode further proteins related to those required by Tn7 for targeted transposition, and the transposase may interact directly with XerC bound to a dif- like site. We propose that these IS, currently in the IS1202 group in the not characterized yet (NCY) category in ISFinder, are part of a distinct IS1202 family. Other IS listed as in the IS1202 group encode transposases related to TnpAjo2 (25-56 % amino acid identity) and have similar TIRs but fall into three groups based on the TSD length (3-5, >15, 0 bp). Those with 3-5 bp TSDs may also target dif- like sites but targets were not found for the other groups.

Automated summary

Several insertion sequences (IS) showing target specificity were found in various Acinetobacter species. These IS are located near dif modules in plasmids and chromosomal dif sites, and encode a transposase that generates target site duplications (TSDs). The IS identified in the IS1202 group form a distinct family, and other IS in this group have different TSD lengths and may also target dif-like sites.