Macrophages-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells crosstalk in bone healing

Bone healing is associated with many orthopedic conditions, including fractures and osteonecrosis, arthritis, metabolic bone disease, tumors and periprosthetic particle-associated osteolysis. How to effectively promote bone healing has become a keen topic for researchers. The role of macrophages and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in bone healing has gradually come to light with the development of the concept of osteoimmunity. Their interaction regulates the balance between inflammation and regeneration, and when the inflammatory response is over-excited, attenuated, or disturbed, it results in the failure of bone healing. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the function of macrophages and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in bone regeneration and the relationship between the two could provide new directions to promote bone healing. This paper reviews the role of macrophages and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in bone healing and the mechanism and significance of their interaction. Several new therapeutic ideas for regulating the inflammatory response in bone healing by targeting macrophages and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells crosstalk are also discussed.

Automated summary

Bone healing is crucial for various orthopedic conditions, and the involvement of macrophages and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in this process has been highlighted. The interaction between these two cell types plays a vital role in regulating the balance between inflammation and regeneration, and any disruption in this balance can lead to impaired bone healing. Understanding the function and relationship of macrophages and BMSCs in bone regeneration can provide new insights to enhance bone healing. This review paper discusses the role of macrophages and BMSCs in bone healing, as well as the mechanism and significance of their interaction. It also explores several new therapeutic approaches targeting the crosstalk between these cell types to regulate the inflammatory response in bone healing.