Investigation of adsorption kinetics and isothermal thermodynamics for optimizing methylene blue adsorption onto a modified clay with cellulose using the response surface approach

In this study, the clay was interwoven with cellulose to change its structure. The product clay/cellulose was used to assess the efficacy of the methylene blue (MB) dye removal from aqueous solutions (CC25). The response surface methodology and Box-Behnken design were used to optimize the influence of crucial parameters (cellulose load, adsorbent dosage, solution pH, temperature, and contact duration) (RSM-BBD). The greatest removal effectiveness was 98.76% for a cellulose loading of 25.0% and the following working conditions, i.e., adsorbent dosage of 0.06 g/L, pH 7, temperature of 45 degrees C, and contact length of 20 min. At the time, the maximum adsorption capacity was 254.8 mg/g. The pseudo-second-order adsorption model, according to the adsorption kinetics research, was used to describe the process. The MB adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous, according to computed thermodynamic functions. The developed composite material, according to our results, has a very high capacity for the color absorption and removal.

Automated summary

In this study, clay was combined with cellulose to form a composite material, which was tested for its effectiveness in removing methylene blue dye from aqueous solutions. The influence of important parameters such as cellulose load, adsorbent dosage, solution pH, temperature, and contact duration was optimized using response surface methodology and Box-Behnken design. The highest removal effectiveness of 98.76% was achieved with a cellulose loading of 25.0%, an adsorbent dosage of 0.06 g/L, pH 7, temperature of 45 degrees C, and a contact time of 20 min. The composite material exhibited a high adsorption capacity of 254.8 mg/g. The adsorption process followed a pseudo-second-order model and was found to be endothermic and spontaneous. The results suggest that the developed composite material is highly efficient in absorbing and removing color.