Fabrication of TiO2/MXene Nanohybrid Electron Transport Layer by Artist Spray Gun Assisted Pyrolysis Method for Efficient Carbon Perovskite Solar Cell

A new class of 2D Ti3C2Tx (MXene) in different weight percentages (0, 1, and 2 wt.%) are hybrid with TiO2 nanopowder to form TiO2/MXene nanohybrids by artist spray gun assisted (ASG) pyrolysis method to use an electron transport layer (ETL) for carbon perovskite solar cell (PSC). The influence of Ti3C2Tx on TiO2 in light absorption, charge separation and carrier dynamics is studied in detail. The formation of TiO2/MXene is studied by X-ray diffraction analysis. The emission spectrum, charge separation and carrier dynamics of TiO2/MXene nanohybrid are analyzed by photoluminescence studies. They exhibited an emission spectrum at 390 nm. The photoluminescence and electrochemical impedance results reveal that the Ti3C2Tx nanosheets provide a superior charge transfer path with less electron transfer resistance at the ETL/perovskite interface, which lead to produce higher photocurrent. This study revealed that TiO2/MXene nanohybrid can be used as a promising ETL to enhance the photo-conversion efficiency of carbon PSC. These results revealed that TiO2- MXene (1 wt.%) nanohybrid ETL shows the highest PCE of 5.15% than that of TiO2- MXene (2 wt.%) nanohybrid ETL and pristine TiO2 ETL-based PSC (4.64%).

Automated summary

A new class of 2D Ti3C2Tx (MXene) in different weight percentages were hybrid with TiO2 nanopowder to form TiO2/MXene nanohybrids, serving as electron transport layer (ETL) for carbon perovskite solar cells (PSC), through artist spray gun assisted (ASG) pyrolysis method. The influence of Ti3C2Tx on TiO2 in light absorption, charge separation and carrier dynamics was studied. The results showed that TiO2/MXene nanohybrids exhibited improved charge transfer and higher photocurrent, making them a promising ETL for enhancing the photo-conversion efficiency of carbon PSC. The TiO2-MXene (1 wt.%) nanohybrid ETL showed the highest PCE of 5.15% among the tested samples.