期刊
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
卷 12, 期 11, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/jcm12113776
关键词
allergen immunotherapy; IL-10-producing innate lymphoid cells; subcutaneous immunotherapy; sublingual immunotherapy; regulatory B cells; regulatory T cells
Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is a treatment for allergic diseases that involves administering clinical allergens to patients. It can modify allergen-specific immune responses and alleviate symptoms of allergic diseases such as asthma and rhinitis. AIT has also been shown to suppress sensitization to new allergens, indicating its potential in nonspecific suppression of allergic immune responses.
Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is a treatment in which clinically corresponding allergens are administered to patients with allergic diseases, either by subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) or sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), or by oral immunotherapy (OIT) in the case of food allergy. Since etiological allergens are administered to patients, AIT is presumed to modify mainly allergen-specific immune responses. In bronchial asthma, AIT with house dust mites (HDM) alleviates clinical symptoms, suppresses airway hyperresponsiveness, and reduces medication doses of HDM-sensitive asthmatics. Moreover, AIT can suppress the symptoms of other allergic diseases associated with asthma including allergic rhinitis. However, AIT sometimes reduces allergic symptoms not induced by the responsible allergens, such as non-targeted allergens, in clinical settings. Furthermore, AIT can suppress the spread of sensitization to new allergens that are not targeted allergens by AIT, suggesting the suppression of allergic immune responses in an allergen-nonspecific manner. In this review, the nonspecific suppression of allergic immune responses by AIT is discussed. AIT has been reported to increase regulatory T cells that produce IL-10, transforming growth factor-beta, and IL-35, IL-10-producing regulatory B cells, and IL-10-producing innate lymphoid cells. These cells can suppress type-2 mediated immune responses mainly through the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines or a cell-cell contact mechanism, which may be involved in the nonspecific suppression of allergic immune responses by AIT.
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