Piperazine- and Pyrazole-Based Heterocyclic Scaffold Derivatives Connected with Urea and Thiourea for Anti-Inflammatory Activity

A couple of series of heterocyclic-based urea and thiourea derivatives, connected with a hybrid scaffold skeleton containing pyrazole and piperazine ring moieties, were achieved. In this study, a total of fifteen new compounds were synthesized by reacting 1-(3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)piperazine hydrochloride with carbamides and thiocarbamides. All the fifteen newly synthesized compound structures were confirmed by H-1 & C-13 NMR and FTIR spectroscopy, ESI mass spectrometry, CHNS analysis and HPLC chromotograms. Moreover, the structures of N-allyl-4-(3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)piperazine-1-carbothioamide and 4-(3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-N-(4-nitrophenyl)piperazine-1-carbothioamide were also confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Further, as per the objective of this work, all these fifteen newly synthesized compounds were screened for anti-inflammatory activity. The majority of the compounds displayed moderate-to-good anti-inflammatory activity. The anti-inflammatory activity study was also correlated with molecular docking studies using the receptor Cyclooxygenase-2.

Automated summary

A couple of series of heterocyclic-based urea and thiourea derivatives were synthesized and confirmed by various spectroscopy and analysis methods. The majority of these compounds displayed moderate-to-good anti-inflammatory activity, which was further analyzed through molecular docking studies using Cyclooxygenase-2 as the receptor.