Recent Progress in Perovskite Solar Cells: Status and Future

The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has seen effective performance upgrades, showing remarkable academic research and commercial application value. Compared with commercial silicon cells, the PCE gap is narrowing. However, the stability, cost, and large-scale production are still far behind. For scale-up preparing high-efficiency and stable PSCs, there is a variety of related research from each functional layer of perovskite solar cells. This review systematically summarizes the recent research on the functional layers, including the electron transport layer, perovskite layer, hole transport layer, and electrode. The common ETL materials, such as TiO2, SnO2, and ZnO, need doping and a bi-layer ETL to promote their property. Large-scale and low-cost production of perovskite layers with excellent performance and stability has always been the focus. The expensive and instability problems of Spiro-OMeTAD and electrode materials remain to be solved. The main problems and future development direction of them are also discussed.

Automated summary

The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has shown effective performance upgrades, with narrowing gap compared to commercial silicon cells. However, stability, cost, and large-scale production still lag behind. This review summarizes recent research on the functional layers of PSCs, including electron transport layer, perovskite layer, hole transport layer, and electrode. It discusses the need for doping and bi-layer ETL for enhancing the performance of common ETL materials, and the challenges of large-scale and low-cost production of perovskite layers. The expensive and instability issues of Spiro-OMeTAD and electrode materials are also addressed, along with future development direction.