MU-Massive MIMO With Multiple RISs: SINR Maximization and Asymptotic Analysis

In this letter, we investigate the signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio (SINR) maximization problem in a multi-user massive multiple-input-multiple-output (massive MIMO) system enabled with multiple reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs). We examine two zero-forcing (ZF) beamforming approaches for interference management namely BS-UE-ZF and BS-RIS-ZF that enforce the interference to zero at the users (UEs) and the RISs, respectively. Then, for each case, we resolve the SINR maximization problem to find the optimal phase shifts of the elements of the RISs. Also, we evaluate the asymptotic expressions for the optimal phase shifts and the maximum SINRs when the number of the base station (BS) antennas tends to infinity. We show that if the channels of the RIS elements are independent and the number of the BS antennas tends to infinity, random phase shifts achieve the maximum SINR using the BS-UE-ZF beamforming approach. The simulation results illustrate that by employing the BS-RIS-ZF beamforming approach, the asymptotic expressions of the phase shifts and maximum SINRs achieve the rate obtained by the optimal phase shifts even for a small number of the BS antennas.

Automated summary

In this study, the authors investigate the problem of maximizing the signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio (SINR) in a multi-user massive MIMO system enabled with multiple reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs). Two zero-forcing (ZF) beamforming approaches, namely BS-UE-ZF and BS-RIS-ZF, are examined for interference management. The authors solve the SINR maximization problem for each approach and evaluate the asymptotic expressions for optimal phase shifts and maximum SINRs. The results show that random phase shifts achieve the maximum SINR using the BS-UE-ZF approach when the channels of the RIS elements are independent and the number of base station antennas tends to infinity. Simulation results also demonstrate that the asymptotic expressions for phase shifts and maximum SINRs achieve the rate obtained by the optimal phase shifts even for a small number of base station antennas.