期刊
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
卷 14, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1158969
关键词
gestational diabetes mellitus; advanced maternal age; pregnancy outcomes; additive interaction; polyhydramnios; preeclampsia
The study found that the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and advanced maternal age (AMA, >= 35 years) is increasing worldwide. This study evaluated the risks of pregnancy outcomes among younger and older women with GDM and analyzed the epidemiological interaction between GDM and AMA.
BackgroundThe prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and advanced maternal age (AMA, >= 35 years) has shown an increasing trend worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of pregnancy outcomes among younger (20-34 years) and older (>= 35 years) women with GDM and further analyze the epidemiologic interaction of GDM and AMA on these outcomes. MethodsThis historical cohort study included 105 683 singleton pregnant women aged 20 years or older between January 2012 and December 2015 in China. Stratified by maternal age, the associations between GDM and pregnancy outcomes were analyzed by performing logistic regression. Epidemiologic interactions were assessed by using relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion due to interaction (AP), and synergy index (SI) with their 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs). ResultsAmong younger women, individuals with GDM had a higher risk of all maternal outcomes, preterm birth (relative risk [RR] 1.67, 95%CI 1.50-1.85), low birthweight (RR 1.24, 95%CI 1.09-1.41), large for gestational age (RR 1.51, 95%CI 1.40-1.63), macrosomia (RR 1.54, 95%CI 1.31-1.79), and fetal distress (RR 1.56, 95%CI 1.37-1.77) than those without GDM. Among older women, GDM increased the risk of gestational hypertension (RR 2.17, 95%CI 1.65-2.83), preeclampsia (RR 2.30, 95%CI 1.81-2.93), polyhydramnios (RR 3.46, 95%CI 2.01-5.96), cesarean delivery (RR 1.18, 95%CI 1.10-1.25), preterm birth (RR 1.35, 95%CI 1.14-1.60), large for gestational age (RR 1.40, 95%CI 1.23-1.60), macrosomia (RR 1.65, 95%CI 1.28-2.14) and fetal distress (RR 1.46, 95%CI 1.12-1.90). Additive interactions of GDM and AMA on polyhydramnios and preeclampsia were found, with RERI of 3.11 (95%CI 0.05-6.16) and 1.43 (95%CI 0.09-2.77), AP of 0.51 (95%CI 0.22-0.80) and 0.27 (95%CI 0.07-0.46), and SI of 2.59 (95%CI 1.17-5.77) and 1.49 (95%CI 1.07-2.07), respectively. ConclusionGDM is an independent risk factor for multiple adverse pregnancy outcomes, and may exert additive interactions with AMA on the risk of polyhydramnios and preeclampsia.
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