Finite element study of nanoparticles spacing and radius on dynamics of water fluid subject to microgravity environment

This communication studies the vital role of particles spacing and radius of nanoparticles subject to mi-crogravity environment, an inclined surface, and magnetic field. The varying particles size and spacing in the microgravity environment is taken into consideration. A mathematical formulation that is based on conservation principles is non-dimensionalized by enforcement of similarity transformation yielding a related set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The convective non-linearity and coupling, a finite element (FE) discretization, is implemented and run on the Matlab platform. Then computational endeavor is continued to elucidate the impacts of various inputs of radius, the amplitude of modulation, mixed convection, inclination angle, particles spacing, and magnetic parameter. The increasing inter-particles spacing and radius are directly influence to the fluid velocity and inversely influence to the fluid temperature. The growing strength of frequency of oscillation and incline angle leads to a decline in skin friction and heat transfer coefficients, but an opposite trend is reported when the thermal buoyancy parameter is enhanced. These outcomes would be very useful for researchers to control upper space transportation and devices performance.

Automated summary

This study examines the significant role of particles spacing and radius of nanoparticles in a microgravity environment, inclined surface, and magnetic field. The analysis considers the variations in particles size and spacing in the microgravity environment. A mathematical formulation based on conservation principles is transformed into a non-dimensional form using similarity transformation. Finite element discretization is implemented and computations are performed on the Matlab platform. The study investigates the effects of radius, modulation amplitude, mixed convection, inclination angle, particles spacing, and magnetic parameter. The results show that increasing inter-particles spacing and radius directly affect fluid velocity and inversely affect fluid temperature. The strength of oscillation frequency and incline angle lead to a decrease in skin friction and heat transfer coefficients, while an increase in the thermal buoyancy parameter has the opposite effect. These findings provide valuable insights for researchers in controlling upper space transportation and device performance.