Social insect transcriptomics and the molecular basis of caste diversity

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Social complexity, life-history and lineage influence the molecular basis of castes in vespid wasps

Christopher Douglas Robert Wyatt et al.

Summary: A shared genetic toolkit is believed to regulate reproductive castes in social insects. The authors analyze brain transcriptomes from nine species of social wasps to identify the factors that shape this toolkit.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2023)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Time-course RNASeq of Camponotus floridanus forager and nurse ant brains indicate links between plasticity in the biological clock and behavioral division of labor

Biplabendu Das et al.

Summary: In ants, there are significant differences in gene expression between forager and nurse ant brains, potentially underlying behavioral plasticity. The links between chronobiological and behavioral plasticity in Camponotus floridanus likely represent a more general phenomenon, highlighting the evolution of distinct regulatory networks supporting behavioral castes and swift caste transitions in response to colony demands.

BMC GENOMICS (2022)

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Article Zoology

Foraging gene expression patterns in queens, workers, and males in a eusocial insect

David N. Awde et al.

Summary: Reproductive division of labour in social insects is based on biased expression of complementary parental behaviours. This study found that in a eusocial sweat bee species, the for gene acts as a primer before foraging activity, and caste-specific expression patterns correlate with the timing of foraging activity in queens and workers.

CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

RNA sequencing and its applications in cancer and rare diseases

Selvi Ergin et al.

Summary: With the development of RNA sequencing technology, the diagnosis and identification of gene-related diseases have become more accurate. It has also provided a better understanding of rare diseases and taxonomical classifications. RNA sequencing can help detect resistant genes and improve treatment methods for higher effectiveness and fewer side effects.

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS (2022)

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Article Entomology

Sex-Specific Regulatory Systems for Dopamine Production in the Honey Bee

Ken Sasaki et al.

Summary: This review discusses the sex-specific differences and functions of dopamine production regulation in honey bees. Studies have focused more on females, and less on males. Investigating the dopamine system in males can provide insights into their social adaptation.

INSECTS (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Sex- and caste-specific transcriptomes of larval honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) gonads: DMRT A2 and Hsp83 are differentially expressed and regulated by juvenile hormone

Denyse Cavalcante Lago et al.

Summary: In this study, a comparative RNA-seq analysis was conducted on the larval gonads of honey bees at a critical stage of development. Differential gene expression was identified among the three sex and caste phenotypes, with enrichment in metabolism, protein or ion binding, and oxidoreductase activity. The analysis also revealed metabolic pathways as enriched. Despite programmed cell death in worker ovaries, the transcriptomes of queen and worker ovaries showed higher similarity compared to drone testis. RT-qPCR analysis identified DMRT A2 and Hsp83 as potential molecular markers for sex- and caste-specific gonad development in honey bees due to their upregulation in response to juvenile hormone.

INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The evolution, evolvability and engineering of gene regulatory DNA

Eeshit Dhaval Vaishnav et al.

Summary: This study builds sequence-to-expression models using deep neural networks to analyze the expression levels of promoter DNA sequences in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and reveals principles of regulatory evolution. The findings show that regulatory evolution is rapid and subject to diminishing returns epistasis, conflicting expression objectives in different environments constrain expression adaptation, and stabilizing selection on gene expression leads to the moderation of regulatory complexity.

NATURE (2022)

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Article Ecology

Detecting signatures of selection on gene expression

Peter D. Price et al.

Summary: This paper examines the main approaches for studying gene expression evolution, tests their inherent biases and discusses open questions about the evolution of the transcriptome.

NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Extent and complexity of RNA processing in honey bee queen and worker caste development

Xu Jiang He et al.

Summary: This study reveals that there are significant differences in mRNA transcripts between honeybee queens and workers during their larval development. These differences are generated by a flexible splicing system. Poly(A) tails are found to negatively regulate the expression of differentially expressed transcript isoforms (DEIs) involved in caste differentiation. The expression of isoforms is unique to each caste and varies at different developmental stages, indicating a dynamic relationship between isoform expression and developmental mechanisms.

ISCIENCE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Comparison of gene expression profiles among caste differentiations in the termite Reticulitermes speratus

Ryota Saiki et al.

Summary: Termite castes express specialized phenotypes and exhibit differential gene expression during caste differentiation, which may play a crucial role in caste determination.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2022)

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Article Ecology

A single-cell transcriptomic atlas tracking the neural basis of division of labour in an ant superorganism

Qiye Li et al.

Summary: Using single-cell transcriptomics, this study characterized the brain cell repertoire of the pharaoh ant and identified changes in cell composition that underlie division of labour and reproductive specialization. The study found that male and worker ant brains have opposite trends in cell composition, while the composition of gyne and queen brains remained generalized. Role differentiation from virgin gynes to inseminated queens induced abundance changes in roughly 35% of cell types.

NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION (2022)

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Article Ecology

Gene regulation in Escherichiacoli is commonly selected for both high plasticity and low noise

Marketa Vlkova et al.

Summary: By comparing naturally segregating promoter variants to randomly mutated promoters, this study demonstrates the presence of stabilizing and directional selection that reduce phenotypic variation.

NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION (2022)

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Article Ecology

Canalized gene expression during development mediates caste differentiation in ants

Bitao Qiu et al.

Summary: Using individual transcriptomes of two ant species, the authors show that caste differentiation is canalized from early development and identify key regulatory genes for the development of ant caste phenotypes.

NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION (2022)

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Article Biology

Genome annotation with long RNA reads reveals new patterns of gene expression and improves single-cell analyses in an ant brain

Emily J. Shields et al.

Summary: The study utilized Iso-Seq to comprehensively annotate the transcriptome of the ant Harpegnathos saltator, resulting in additional splice isoforms and extended 3' untranslated regions for more than 4000 genes. This improved annotation allowed for more accurate identification of cell type markers in the ant brain and discovery of genes differentially expressed across castes in specific cell types. The findings highlight the efficiency and effectiveness of Iso-Seq in enhancing genome annotations and maximizing information obtained from genomic datasets in various organisms.

BMC BIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Transcriptome dynamics during metamorphosis of imaginal discs into wings and thoracic dorsum in Apis mellifera castes

Michelle Prioli Miranda Soares et al.

Summary: The study analyzed 30 honeybee transcriptomes to identify gene expression for wing and thoracic dorsum construction from larval wing discs. Gene expression in wing discs and descendant structures showed differential expression profiles during developmental phases, highlighting caste-specific differences.

BMC GENOMICS (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Kr-h1 maintains distinct caste-specific neurotranscriptomes in response to socially regulated hormones

Janko Gospocic et al.

Summary: Kr-h1 is a transcription factor that maintains distinct brain states in Harpegnathos saltator ants, established in response to socially regulated hormones, influencing the characteristic behaviors between workers and gamergates.

CELL (2021)

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Article Biology

Social organization and the evolution of life-history traits in two queen morphs of the ant Temnothorax rugatulus

Matteo A. Negroni et al.

Summary: During the evolution of social insects, there have been significant changes in the life-history traits of queens and the importance of individual traits compared to colony-level traits. The fecundity of eusocial insects is influenced by colony size and queen number, rather than individual body size. The alternative queen morphs in ants exhibit different reproductive strategies and adaptations, with smaller queens compensating for their size with increased metabolic activity, while still showing resistance to oxidative stress.

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Biology

Reproductive activation in honeybee (Apis mellifera) workers protects against abiotic and biotic stress

Anissa Kennedy et al.

Summary: Social insect reproductives show exceptional longevity, with even workers experiencing increased lifespan when assuming a reproductive role. Reproductive activation enhances immunity and oxidative stress resistance, preemptively protecting against stressors and potentially explaining the extended lifespan of social insect reproductives.

PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The molecular basis of socially mediated phenotypic plasticity in a eusocial paper wasp

Benjamin A. Taylor et al.

Summary: The study uses machine learning to analyze gene expression profiles of Polistes dominula paper wasps following the loss of a queen, revealing a strong response of individual gene expression to queen loss, even in individuals that appear phenotypically unaffected.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Review Genetics & Heredity

The foraging gene as a modulator of division of labour in social insects

Christophe Lucas et al.

Summary: Social ants, bees, wasps, and termites are ecologically successful due to their social lifestyle allowing efficient exploitation of environmental resources. Division of labor among sterile workers is a key attribute in social insect colonies, providing fundamental insights into regulatory processes and genetic evolution of sociality. The conserved foraging gene, encoding a cGMP-dependent protein kinase, plays a crucial role in worker transitions and behavioral traits associated with division of labor in various social insect species.

JOURNAL OF NEUROGENETICS (2021)

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Article Entomology

Genome-wide profiling and identification of insulin signaling pathway genes of subterranean termite castes

Haroon et al.

Summary: Aging and longevity are intricate processes observed across different animals, with key genes related to the insulin signaling pathway playing a crucial role in termite longevity. The study identified highly expressed IIS-pathway genes in different termite castes and highlighted the importance of balancing reproductive and non-reproductive efforts for evolutionary longevity. Further research into the biological functions of these genes is recommended for insights into maintaining biomolecular homeostasis and promoting longevity in termites.

ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Independent variations in genome-wide expression, alternative splicing, and DNA methylation in brain tissues among castes of the buff-tailed bumblebee, Bombus terrestris

Dan Zhu et al.

Summary: Caste differentiation in pre-imaginal bumblebees is mainly characterized by differences in gene expression, with gynes showing the most distinct patterns. Hormone and neurotransmitter metabolism genes are linked to caste differentiation, while neuropeptides are associated with sex differentiation. Despite limited genome-wide associations, gene ontology analysis points to nutrition-related activities as key factors in caste differentiation.

JOURNAL OF GENETICS AND GENOMICS (2021)

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Article Behavioral Sciences

Genetic signatures of dominance hierarchies reveal conserved cis-regulatory and brain gene expression underlying aggression in a facultatively social bee

Michael A. Steffen et al.

GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Transcriptomic evidence that insulin signalling pathway regulates the ageing of subterranean termite castes

Haroon et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Chromatin accessibility and transcriptome landscapes of Monomorium pharaonisbrain

Mingyue Wang et al.

SCIENTIFIC DATA (2020)

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Article Entomology

Vitellogenin expression corresponds with reproductive status and caste in a primitively eusocial bee

David N. Awde et al.

JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY (2020)

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Article Entomology

A comparison of honeybee (Apis mellifera) queen, worker and drone larvae by RNA-Seq

Xu-Jiang He et al.

INSECT SCIENCE (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Oxytocin/vasopressin-like peptide inotocin regulates cuticular hydrocarbon synthesis and water balancing in ants

Akiko Koto et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2019)

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Article Ecology

Transcriptomic changes during caste development through social interactions in the termite Zootermopsis nevadensis

Hajime Yaguchi et al.

ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION (2019)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

lncRNA profile of Apis mellifera and its possible role in behavioural transition from nurses to foragers

Fang Liu et al.

BMC GENOMICS (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Convergent eusocial evolution is based on a shared reproductive groundplan plus lineage-specific plastic genes

Michael R. Warners et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Comparative transcriptomics of social insect queen pheromones

Luke Holman et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2019)

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Article Entomology

Vitellogenin and vitellogenin-like gene expression patterns in relation to caste and task in the ant Formica fusca

C. Morandin et al.

INSECTES SOCIAUX (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Behavioural, physiological and molecular changes in alloparental caregivers may be responsible for selection response for female reproductive investment in honey bees

Fan Wu et al.

MOLECULAR ECOLOGY (2019)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

GPCR annotation, G proteins, and transcriptomics of fire ant (Solenopsis invicta) queen and worker brain: An improved view of signaling in an invasive superorganism

Travis L. Calkins et al.

GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Comparative transcriptome analysis of Apis mellifera antennae of workers performing different tasks

Hongyi Nie et al.

MOLECULAR GENETICS AND GENOMICS (2018)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Alternative splicing associated with phenotypic plasticity in the bumble bee Bombus terrestris

J. Price et al.

MOLECULAR ECOLOGY (2018)

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Review Genetics & Heredity

The Evolution of Gene Expression in cis and trans

Sarah A. Signor et al.

TRENDS IN GENETICS (2018)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

TGFβ signaling related genes are involved in hormonal mediation during termite soldier differentiation

Yudai Masuoka et al.

PLOS GENETICS (2018)

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Review Biology

A molecular concept of caste in insect societies

Seirian Sumner et al.

CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE (2018)

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Article Entomology

Epigenetics in Insects: Genome Regulation and the Generation of Phenotypic Diversity

Karl M. Glastad et al.

Annual Review of Entomology (2018)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Epigenetic and Transcriptional Variability Shape Phenotypic Plasticity

Simone Ecker et al.

BIOESSAYS (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Caste-, sex-, and age-dependent expression of immune-related genes in a Japanese subterranean termite, Reticulitermes speratus

Yuki Mitaka et al.

PLOS ONE (2017)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

EPIGENETICS STUDIES IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION Genome, transcriptome and methylome sequencing of a primitively eusocial wasp reveal a greatly reduced DNA methylation system in a social insect

Daniel S. Standage et al.

MOLECULAR ECOLOGY (2016)

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Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

Safeguarding pollinators and their values to human well-being

Simon G. Potts et al.

NATURE (2016)

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Article Biology

Molecular mechanisms of phenotypic plasticity in social insects

Miguel Corona et al.

CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE (2016)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Caste-Specific and Sex-Specific Expression of Chemoreceptor Genes in a Termite

Yuki Mitaka et al.

PLOS ONE (2016)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Reproductive workers show queenlike gene expression in an intermediately eusocial insect, the buff-tailed bumble bee Bombus terrestris

Mark C. Harrison et al.

MOLECULAR ECOLOGY (2015)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

We can't all be supermodels: the value of comparative transcriptomics to the study of non-model insects

Sara J. Oppenheim et al.

INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (2015)

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Editorial Material Biochemical Research Methods

Single-cell sequencing

Tal Nawy

NATURE METHODS (2014)

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Social insect transcriptomics and the molecular basis of caste diversity

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