Relationship between ferroptosis and mitophagy in cardiac ischemia reperfusion injury: a mini-review

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), with high morbidity and mortality, seriously affect people's life and social development. Clinically, reperfusion therapy is typically used to treat ischemic cardiomyopathy, such as severe coronary heart disease and acute myocardial infarction. However, reperfusion therapy can lead to myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI), which can affect the prognosis of patients. Studying the mechanisms of MIRI can help us improve the treatment of MIRI. The pathological process of MIRI involves many mechanisms such as ferroptosis and mitophagy. Ferroptosis can exacerbate MIRI, and regulation of mitophagy can alleviate MIRI. Both ferroptosis and mitophagy are closely related to ROS, but there is no clear understanding of the relationship between ferroptosis and mitophagy. In this review, we analyzed the relationship between ferroptosis and mitophagy according to the role of mTOR, NLPR3 and HIF. In addition, simultaneous regulation of mitophagy and ferroptosis may be superior to single therapy for MIRI. We summarized potential drugs that can regulate mitophagy and/or ferroptosis, hoping to provide reference for the development of drugs and methods for MIRI treatment.

Automated summary

Reperfusion therapy is commonly used to treat ischemic cardiomyopathy, but it can lead to myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI), affecting patient outcomes. This review analyzed the relationship between ferroptosis and mitophagy in MIRI, and discussed the role of mTOR, NLPR3 and HIF. Simultaneous regulation of mitophagy and ferroptosis may be more effective for MIRI treatment. Potential drugs that can modulate mitophagy and/or ferroptosis were summarized, providing reference for the development of MIRI treatments.