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Article
Infectious Diseases
Can Yue et al.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Niklas Bobrovitz et al.
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the magnitude and duration of protective effectiveness of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and hybrid immunity against infection and severe disease caused by the omicron variant. The results showed that previous infection provides short-term protection, while hybrid immunity has high and sustained protection against hospital admission or severe disease. These findings are important for determining the timing of vaccination and booster doses.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Paul A. A. Offit
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Masaki Imai et al.
Summary: The antiviral agents bebtelovimab and mAb combinations tested in the study did not neutralize the SARS-CoV-2 omicron subvariants BQ.1.1 and XBB, while remdesivir, molnupiravir, and nirmatrelvir demonstrated efficacy against both subvariants in vitro.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Marc-Antoine de La Vega et al.
Summary: During the Delta and Omicron waves, infection-induced and hybrid immunities showed a greater decrease in hospitalizations, ICU admissions, and deaths compared to vaccine-induced immunity and no pre-existing immunity. Vaccination significantly reduced the incidence of COVID-19 and subsequent medical parameters. Infection-induced immunity is equally or more effective than vaccination in reducing the severity of reinfection from Delta or Omicron variants, suggesting its importance in pandemic response and vaccine allocation at the beginning of the outbreak.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Caroline Stein et al.
Summary: By conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis, it was found that protection from past SARS-CoV-2 infection is high and remains high even after 40 weeks. Protection against symptomatic disease is high for ancestral, alpha, beta, and delta variants, but lower for the omicron BA.1 variant. Protection against severe disease remains high for all variants. The findings have important implications for predicting disease burden, vaccine policy, and travel restrictions.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yang Pan et al.
Summary: Due to the national zero-COVID strategy in China, there were no local transmissions of SARS-CoV-2 in Beijing before December 2022. However, imported cases have been frequently detected. With the recent increase in COVID-19 cases in China, there are concerns about the emergence of novel variants. This study analyzes viral genome sequences in Beijing to provide important information for the global response to the pandemic.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qian Wang et al.
Summary: The BQ and XBB subvariants of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron, with additional spike mutations, are rapidly expanding and have altered antibody evasion properties. Neutralization of BQ.1, BQ.1.1, XBB, and XBB.1 by vaccinated individuals and infected persons' sera was significantly impaired, including those boosted with a WA1/BA.5 bivalent mRNA vaccine. The titers against BQ and XBB subvariants were much lower than observed before, indicating that these subvariants pose a serious threat to current COVID-19 vaccines and render all authorized antibodies inactive.
Article
Microbiology
Panke Qu et al.
Summary: The emergence of new Omicron subvariants, including BQ.1, BQ.1.1, BA.4.6, BF.7, and BA.2.75.2, has shown enhanced neutralization resistance against sera from vaccinated healthcare workers and COVID-19 patients. The mutations N460K, K444T, and F486S play a significant role in driving the increased neutralization resistance of these subvariants. These findings provide insights into the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2023)
Letter
Cell Biology
Bo Gao et al.
Article
Virology
Mahmoud Kandeel et al.
Summary: The study investigates the evolutionary relationships and similarities between the Omicron variant and other SARS-CoV-2 variants, finding that the Omicron variant forms a new monophyletic clade distant from other variants.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Virology
Yusha Araf et al.
Summary: The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 is a heavily mutated virus with a high risk of infection. Limited information is available regarding the genomics, transmissibility, and effectiveness of vaccines against this variant, emphasizing the need for further investigation.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rigel Suzuki et al.
Summary: The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 has spread rapidly in several countries and has shown lower fusogenicity and attenuated pathogenicity compared to the Delta variant.
Review
Immunology
Paul Moss
Summary: T cell immunity plays a central role in controlling SARS-CoV-2 infection, with early responses correlating with protection. T cell memory provides broad recognition of viral proteins, limiting the impact of viral variants and offering protection against severe disease. Current COVID-19 vaccines elicit robust T cell responses, contributing to the prevention of hospitalization or death. Therefore, the importance of T cell immunity may have been underestimated.
Article
Immunology
Hanjun Zhao et al.
Summary: The study demonstrates a frog-defensin-derived basic peptide (FBP) as a broad-spectrum inhibitor against influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 by blocking viral entry and fusion to inhibit virus replication in vivo.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Martina E. McMenamin et al.
Summary: In Hong Kong, two doses of either BNT162b2 or CoronaVac vaccines are effective in preventing severe disease and death, with higher effectiveness seen in adults aged 60 years or older with BNT162b2. Three doses of either vaccine offer a very high level of protection against severe or fatal outcomes.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Hiam Chemaitelly et al.
Summary: This study compared the protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection provided by natural infection and COVID-19 vaccination. The results showed that natural infection was associated with a lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, but vaccination remained the safest and most optimal tool for protection.
Article
Immunology
Qian He et al.
Summary: Our study demonstrated that utilizing a heterologous prime-boost strategy with different combinations of COVID-19 vaccine candidates can enhance neutralizing antibody levels and T cell responses, providing new insights for vaccine development and application in controlling the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2021)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Ensheng Dong et al.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2020)
