Risk-Benefit Analysis of Primary Prophylaxis Against Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia in Patients With Rheumatic Diseases Receiving Rituximab

Article Critical Care Medicine

Primary Prophylaxis for Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in Patients Receiving Rituximab

Jun Won Park et al.

Summary: The use of TMP-SMX prophylaxis significantly reduces the incidence of PJP in patients receiving rituximab treatment, with an acceptable safety profile.

CHEST (2022)

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Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Evolving epidemiology of pneumocystis pneumonia: Findings from a longitudinal population-based study and a retrospective multi-center study in Germany

Benedikt Kolbrink et al.

Summary: This retrospective study analyzed German inpatient cases from 2014 to 2019 and found a significant increase in the incidence and mortality of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP). There was also a notable rise in the number of cases and deaths among patients with solid malignancies, autoimmune diseases, and pulmonary diseases. Further investigation and comprehensive guidelines for prophylaxis in new risk groups are necessary.

LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE (2022)

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Article Rheumatology

The efficacy and safety of reduced-dose sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim for chemoprophylaxis ofPneumocystispneumonia in patients with rheumatic diseases

Tomoya Harada et al.

Summary: The study found that reducing the dosage of sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim for prophylaxis in patients with rheumatic diseases undergoing glucocorticoid therapy could effectively reduce the frequency of adverse events without leading to Pneumocystis pneumonia.

MODERN RHEUMATOLOGY (2021)

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Review Immunology

A Comprehensive Evaluation of Risk Factors for Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in Adult Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Nitipong Permpalung et al.

Summary: The study identified risk factors associated with PJP development in solid organ transplant recipients, including acute rejection, CMV-related illnesses, low lymphocyte count, BK polyomavirus-related diseases, HLA mismatch, rituximab use, and polyclonal antibodies use for rejection. Conversely, factors such as sex, CMV mismatch, interleukin-2 inhibitors, corticosteroids for rejection, and plasmapheresis were not found to be associated with PJP development.

TRANSPLANTATION (2021)

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Article Infectious Diseases

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of immunocompromised patients infected with Pneumocystis jirovecii in a twelve-year retrospective study from Norway

Stine Gronseth et al.

Summary: The study found an increasing trend in testing rates and positive results for P. jirovecii, as well as a rising regional incidence rate. Most patients had predisposing conditions other than HIV, with corticosteroid use being a common factor. The majority of patients presented with symptoms like cough, dyspnea, or fever, and the in-hospital mortality rate for severe cases was 21.5%.

BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences