A qualitative meta-synthesis of patient dignity from the perspective of caregivers

BackgroundThe concept of dignity remains disputed, with most studies defining dignity based on its external dimension. Although its inherent dimension is a rooted attribute of dignity, it has received scarce attention. Caregivers have close relationships with their care recipients and thus may perceive their patient's inherent as well as external dimensions of dignity. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to identify, analyze, and synthesize evidence on human dignity presented in qualitative studies from the perspective of caregivers to gain a deeper comprehension of the preservation of patients' dignity by their caregivers.MethodsA qualitative meta-synthesis was performed by searching for relevant qualitative literature via systematic electronic databases, including MEDLINE, PsycINFO, ProQuest, CINAHL, Embase, Health Source, and Web of Science, from inception to March 15, 2022.ResultsNine studies were eligible for inclusion and included in the meta-synthesis. Three overarching categories were identified: integrated person, rootedness and growth atmosphere, and balanced state.ConclusionsDignity is rooted in its inherent dimension, whereas its external dimension may promote individual dignity. Furthermore, caregiver-patient relationships may be a key factor linking the inherent dimension of dignity with its external dimension. Thus, further studies should focus on the mechanism of relationships in preserving dignity.

Automated summary

This study aimed to gain a deeper comprehension of how caregivers preserve patients' dignity by analyzing qualitative evidence from the perspective of caregivers. The findings revealed that dignity has both inherent and external dimensions, and caregiver-patient relationships play a crucial role in linking the inherent dimension of dignity with its external dimension.