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Article
Chemistry, Physical
Magdalena Penkala et al.
Summary: The study analyzed the mass fraction of the finest fractions of road dust from highways and expressways with asphalt and concrete surfaces. It was found that concrete pavement is less susceptible to abrasion than asphalt pavement. Sound-absorbing screens accumulate fine road dust, while strong air drafts remove smaller particles from the vicinity of the road. The mass fraction of particles smaller than 100 μm in road dust ranged from 12.8% to 3.4% for asphalt surfaces and from 12.0% to 6.5% for concrete surfaces.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fresnel Boris Cachon et al.
Summary: This study collected PM2.5 and PM2.5-10 samples in Cotonou, Benin, using high volume cascade impaction air samplers for twelve days. The physical and chemical characteristics of the samples were analyzed by various methods including size distribution analysis, specific surface area measurement, inorganic element analysis, water-soluble ion analysis, and organic compound analysis. The results showed that the average concentrations of PM2.5 and PM2.5-10 were 180.9 μg/m³ and 94.5 μg/m³, respectively. The major water-soluble ions in both types of particulate matter were Ca2+, SO42-, NO3-, Na+, and Cl-. The concentrations of total metals in PM2.5 were nearly two times higher than in PM2.5-10. The analysis of major pollution sources indicated that the PM originated from traffic exhaust.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Kyu-Ree Dhong et al.
Summary: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), caused by smoking and particulate matter (PM), is a leading cause of death worldwide. This study identified TRPC6 as a potential novel biomarker for COPD through the analysis of gene expression data. The upregulation of TRPC6 was verified in PM-induced COPD conditions, suggesting its involvement in COPD pathogenesis.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hongbin Dai et al.
Summary: This study proposes a VAR-XGBoost model based on VAR, Kriging method, and XGBoost to simulate the spatial distribution of ozone (O3) in China. The research finds that O3 has the highest correlation with PM2.5 and the lowest correlation with SO2. Wind speed and temperature are the most important factors affecting O3 pollution, positively correlated with O3. Precipitation is negatively correlated with 8-hour ozone concentration. The VAR-XGBoost model demonstrates better prediction accuracy compared to other models and performs well in simulating the spatial distribution of O3 concentrations in China.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Priyanka Arora et al.
Summary: This study investigates the particulate emission and soot characterization of particles from a six-cylinder common-rail direct injection (CRDI), turbocharged diesel engine. The effects of different engine loads and dioctyl phthalate (DOP) fuel blends on particulate emissions and soot structure were examined. The results show that the particle number and mass concentrations are higher for DOP fuel blends compared to neat diesel. The soot structure of DOP fuel blends is more compact and exhibits shorter and curved fringes compared to diesel. The oxidation reactivity of soot particles is reduced in DOP fuel blends.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohankumar Ramar et al.
Summary: Particulate matter in the air exacerbates airway inflammation in asthma, and prenatal exposure to urban air particles and diesel exhaust particles increases the risk of asthma in offspring. This study found that supplementation with synthetic lipoxin A4 (LxA4) or resolvin E2 (RvE2) improved airway inflammation and asthma symptoms in newborn mice predisposed to asthma due to prenatal exposure. This suggests that LxA4 and RvE2 have potential as therapeutic options for asthma management.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Thermodynamics
Hanfeng Jin et al.
Summary: Aromatic hydrocarbons play important roles in various energy sources like transportation fuels, biomass, coal, and solid waste. The reaction kinetics of aromatic hydrocarbons have a significant impact on the combustion characteristics and pollutant emission of engines, power plants, and reactors. This review highlights the lack of a comprehensive overview of combustion chemistry of aromatic hydrocarbons and discusses the recent advancements in this field. The paper categorizes aromatic hydrocarbons into five classes and seeks to provide a comprehensive understanding of their combustion chemistry and develop efficient combustion models.
PROGRESS IN ENERGY AND COMBUSTION SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Kailash Arole et al.
Summary: This paper analyzes the characteristics and impacts of tribological waste particles generated by the mechanical systems of vehicles on the environment and human health. Various types of tribowaste particles, including tire debris, brake wear particles, road debris, and soot, have sizes ranging from 2 nm to 10 μm. These particles contain heavy metals, organic compounds, and carbon. The release of these particles contaminates aquatic and soil ecosystems through wind and rain transport.
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Michał Święczkowski et al.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Monique Silva Coelho et al.
Summary: In the second quarter of 2021, a scheduled shutdown at the Capuava Petrochemical Complex in Santo Andre, Brazil resulted in severe uncontrolled emissions of PM and VOCs in a densely populated residential area. The emissions of VOCs, which are released from vehicle exhausts, fuel evaporation, solvent use, natural gas emissions, and industrial processes, pose a potential health risk to the surrounding population. Statistical analyses showed that the concentrations of PM10, benzene, and toluene doubled during this period.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jayant Nirmalkar et al.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nick Molden et al.
Summary: This study examined the personal exposures to air pollutants in various transport modes during journeys from London to Oxford. The research found significant variations in particle number, particle mass, carbon dioxide, and volatile organic compounds concentrations across different modes. The highest exposures were observed in coaches, while private cars and active transport had the lowest exposures. The duration and location of exposure also played a role in determining the overall exposure level.
Review
Plant Sciences
Mamun Mandal et al.
Summary: The issue of air pollution caused by particulate matter (PM) is worsening as more people move into urban areas globally. It has been difficult to manage this issue through source control techniques due to the complexity and diversity of pollution sources. Additionally, urban trees, which provide various ecosystem services, necessitate the exploration of alternative strategies to significantly improve air quality.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Long Pang et al.
Summary: This study used leaves as a novel passive air sampler to collect particle matters (PM) in 12 cities in Henan, China. Similar composition profiles of organophosphate esters (OPEs) were found in street dust and PM samples, with higher concentrations of individual OPEs in PM than in street dust. The study also revealed that PM has a significant influence on the occurrence of OPEs in street dust, and atmospheric deposition could be a major source of OPEs in street dust.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sanna Saarikoski et al.
Summary: This study investigated the characteristics and sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and submicron organic aerosol (OA) in a traffic environment in Helsinki, Finland. The concentrations of anthropogenic VOCs (aVOCs) were significantly higher than those of biogenic VOCs (bVOCs). The oxidation of VOCs contributed to the formation of secondary-organic-aerosol, with bVOCs being the main source.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Horticulture
Myeong Ja Kwak et al.
Summary: The behavior of particulate matter (PM) on leaves in urban forests is influenced by rainfall events, leaf properties, and tree crowns. We compared the wash-off ability of PM on inner and outer crown-positioned leaves during rainfall events, and found significant differences due to leaf structure, size, and tree species. PM wash-off was negatively associated with trichome density and size, with dense trichomes and rough leaf surfaces showing lower wash-off, while thin-waxed leaves showed higher wash-off.
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Chukwujindu M. A. Iwegbue et al.
Summary: This study investigates the concentrations and distribution patterns of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in street dust from Lagos, Nigeria. The results show that PAHs in the dust mainly come from vehicle emissions, biomass burning, volatilization of petroleum products, and domestic cooking gas. Children in commercial areas may face a significant non-carcinogenic risk from exposure to PAHs in the dust, while residents have a considerable cancer risk from oral ingestion and dermal contact with the dust particles.
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Veronika Groma et al.
Summary: According to the study conducted in an urban greenbelt area in Budapest, Hungary, traffic was found to be the most significant pollution source, contributing to a significant portion of submicron particles and posing health risks.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Farooq Usman et al.
Summary: The current study investigates the variation and physicochemical properties of ambient particulate matter (PM) in a crucial location in northern Pakistan. The results indicate that the PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations in this area exceed the limits set by the World Health Organization, and various minerals are present.
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Julia C. Fussell et al.
Summary: Implementing regulatory standards has significantly reduced exhaust emissions of particulate matter from road traffic in developed countries. However, unregulated nonexhaust particle emissions from brake and tire wear, road surface, and road dust resuspension exceed exhaust emissions in many jurisdictions. Although the sources of nonexhaust particles are fairly well-known, specific measurements of airborne concentrations are limited, and the toxicology and epidemiology studies do not provide a clear understanding of the associated health risks.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuanyuan Wei et al.
Summary: Dust aerosol has an impact on regional radiation balance and global radiative forcing estimation. This research investigates the characteristics of dust aerosol in the Taklimakan Desert region in Central Asia. The study finds that local pollution enhances the absorption of dust aerosol, while transported dust has strong scattering characteristics. The comparison between total column aerosol and near-surface aerosol reveals differences in size and absorption properties.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yunfeng Ma et al.
Summary: Based on the analysis of concentration data and pollution source data, it was found that the seasonal concentration distribution of particulate pollution followed the order of winter > spring > autumn > summer, and the main pollution source was the primary factor. Russia mainly influenced pollution in spring and winter, while there were hardly any polluted air masses in summer. Local emissions were the main source of pollution in autumn.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Richard Fuller et al.
Summary: The Lancet Commission on pollution and health reported that pollution was responsible for 9 million premature deaths in 2015, making it the world's largest environmental risk factor for disease and premature death. Updated data from 2019 shows that pollution is still responsible for approximately 9 million deaths per year, with reductions in some types of pollution offset by increases in others. Despite efforts, little progress has been made in addressing pollution, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries.
LANCET PLANETARY HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Hongbin Dai et al.
Summary: This study selected haze risk assessment indexes for 11 cities in the Fenwei Plain and established five haze hazard risk assessment models. The experimental results showed that the proposed PCA-MEE-ISPO-LightGBM model can improve the evaluation accuracy.
Review
Chemistry, Applied
E. Jiaqiang et al.
Summary: Soot particles emitted by automobile engines have had a significant negative impact on the environment and human health. Understanding the complex process of soot formation and researching methods to reduce soot emission can help control pollution and contribute to advanced technology.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Qijun Zhang et al.
Summary: Through two long-term roadside experiments, it was found that the average VOCs concentration in the roadside environment in 2019 was 45.67 +/- 34.60 µg/m³, with high levels of alkanes, alkenes, halogenated hydrocarbons, alkynes, aromatic hydrocarbons, and OVOCs. The main sources of VOCs were identified as gasoline vehicle exhaust emissions, diesel vehicle exhaust emissions, evaporative emissions, LPG/CNG vehicle emissions, and solvent usage.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Akaash Sharma et al.
Summary: Reactive molecular dynamics simulations were used to investigate the coalescence of incipient soot clusters. The structure and composition of the formed soot clusters were quantified, and the characteristic coalescence time was tracked at different temperatures. This approach provides significant insight into soot formation and growth mechanisms, facilitating a better understanding and control of soot in combustion processes.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Min-Cheol Cho et al.
Summary: This study analyzed the deposition characteristics of particles of major tree species in urban areas of Korea through experiments, comparing the deposition velocity and rate among different species. The surface roughness and geometrical features of leaves and branches influenced the particle deposition velocity and rate. Planting tree species with high particle deposition rates can reduce the concentration of BC particles in roadside air produced by passing vehicles.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Kyriaki Koupadi et al.
Summary: A multi-analytical approach was used to investigate organic remains preserved on eight copper alloy artifacts from the Byzantine Collection of the Benaki Museum with an Egyptian provenance. The study identified a wide range of fatty acid oxidation products in the samples, suggesting multiple uses of plant oils in medieval Egypt.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jayanta Bora et al.
Summary: This study characterized ambient particulate matter collected during a dust event over mid-Brahmaputra Valley of India, revealing varied shapes and sources of the particles. Biogenic particles like plant materials, pollens, and diatoms were identified, along with honeycomb-like structures secreted by leafhoppers of the Cicadellidae family. XRD and FTIR analyses indicated the presence of various minerals and organic carbon, while airmass backward trajectory analysis explained the local contribution of the dust.
SN APPLIED SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Julio Cesar Perez-Sansalvador et al.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Barbora Svedova et al.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hao Huang et al.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eun-Ah Kim et al.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mengyu Zhang et al.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Daniela Varrica et al.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2019)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shu-Yue Xia et al.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2019)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bahadar Zeb et al.
AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH
(2018)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Johannes Kiefer et al.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Regina Montero-Montoya et al.
ANNALS OF GLOBAL HEALTH
(2018)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Santino Orecchio et al.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2017)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Alexandra Gertrud Paltinean et al.
PARTICULATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kaarle Kupiainen et al.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2016)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Martin Ferm et al.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2015)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Gianni Formenton et al.
JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
(2013)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
A. La Rocca et al.
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2013)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
M Navazo et al.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2003)
