An anatomical and connectivity atlas of the marmoset cerebellum

The cerebellum is essential for motor control and cognitive functioning, engaging in bidirectional communica-tion with the cerebral cortex. The common marmoset, a small non-human primate, offers unique advantages for studying cerebello-cerebral circuits. However, the marmoset cerebellum is not well described in published resources. In this study, we present a comprehensive atlas of the marmoset cerebellum comprising (1) fine -detailed anatomical atlases and surface-analysis tools of the cerebellar cortex based on ultra-high-resolution ex vivo MRI, (2) functional connectivity and gradient patterns of the cerebellar cortex revealed by awake resting-state fMRI, and (3) structural-connectivity mapping of cerebellar nuclei using high-resolution diffusion MRI tractography. The atlas elucidates the anatomical details of the marmoset cerebellum, reveals distinct gradient patterns of intra-cerebellar and cerebello-cerebral functional connectivity, and maps the topological relationship of cerebellar nuclei in cerebello-cerebral circuits. As version 5 of the Marmoset Brain Mapping proj-ect, this atlas is publicly available at https://marmosetbrainmapping.org/MBMv5.html.

Automated summary

This study presents a comprehensive atlas of the marmoset cerebellum, revealing detailed anatomical structures, functional connectivity, and structural connectivity patterns. The atlas is publicly available and provides valuable insights into the interaction between the cerebellum and the cerebral cortex.