Injectable, Antibacterial, and Hemostatic Tissue Sealant Hydrogels

Hemorrhage and bacterial infections are major hurdles in the management of life-threatening surgical wounds. Most bioadhesives for wound closure lack sufficient hemostatic and antibacterial properties. Furthermore, they suffer from weak sealing efficacy, particularly for stretchable organs, such as the lung and bladder. Accordingly, there is an unmet need for mechanically robust hemostatic sealants with simultaneous antibacterial effects. Here, an injectable, photocrosslinkable, and stretchable hydrogel sealant based on gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), supplemented with antibacterial zinc ferrite (ZF) nanoparticles and hemostatic silicate nanoplatelets (SNs) for rapid blood coagulation is nanoengineered. The hydrogel reduces the in vitro viability of Staphylococcus aureus by more than 90%. The addition of SNs (2% w/v) and ZF nanoparticles (1.5 mg mL(-1)) to GelMA (20% w/v) improves the burst pressure of perforated ex vivo porcine lungs by more than 40%. Such enhancement translated to & AP;250% improvement in the tissue sealing capability compared with a commercial hemostatic sealant, Evicel. Furthermore, the hydrogels reduce bleeding by & AP;50% in rat bleeding models. The nanoengineered hydrogel may open new translational opportunities for the effective sealing of complex wounds that require mechanical flexibility, infection management, and hemostasis.

Automated summary

In this study, an injectable, photocrosslinkable, and stretchable hydrogel sealant based on GelMA supplemented with antibacterial ZF nanoparticles and hemostatic SNs was developed. The hydrogel reduced the in vitro viability of Staphylococcus aureus by over 90% and improved the burst pressure of perforated ex vivo porcine lungs by more than 40%. It also reduced bleeding by over 50% in rat bleeding models. This nanoengineered hydrogel has great potential for effectively sealing complex wounds that require mechanical flexibility, infection management, and hemostasis.