Experimental study on the effect of chlorhexidine gluconate (CG)-induced atrial fibrillation on renal water and sodium metabolism

To construct an animal model of atrial fibrillation and observe the effect of acute atrial fibrillation on renal water and sodium metabolism in mice. A total of 20 C57 mice were randomly assigned to 2 groups (n = 10/group): control group (CON) and atrial fibrillation group (AF). The mice model of atrial fibrillation was induced by chlorhexidine gluconate (CG) in combination with transesophageal atrial spacing. The urine of the two groups of mice was collected, and then we calculate the urine volume and urine sodium content. The expression of TGF-beta and type III collagen in the atrial myocardium of the two groups was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western Blot. The levels of CRP and IL-6 in blood were observed by ELISA, and the NF-kappa B, TGF-beta, collagen type III, AQP2, AQP3, AQP4, ENaC-beta, ENaC-gamma, SGK1 and NKCC proteins in the kidneys of the two groups of mice was observed by Western Blot. Compared with CON, the expression of TGF-beta and type III collagen in the atrial myocardium of the mice in AF were increased, the levels of CRP and IL-6 in the blood in AF were increased, and the renal NF-kappa B, TGF-beta, type III collagen AQP2, AQP3, ENaC-beta, ENaC-gamma, SGK1 and NKCC protein expression in AF were up-regulated. The level of urine volume and urine sodium content in AF were significantly reduced. In the acute attack of atrial fibrillation, the formation of renal inflammatory response and fibrosis is activated, and the renal water and sodium metabolism is hindered, which is related to the up-regulated of the expressions of renal NKCC, ENaC and AQPs.

Automated summary

An animal model of atrial fibrillation was constructed to observe the effect of acute atrial fibrillation on renal water and sodium metabolism in mice. The expression of TGF-beta and type III collagen in atrial myocardium, as well as the levels of CRP and IL-6 in blood, were examined. Additionally, the protein expression of NF-kappa B, TGF-beta, type III collagen, AQP2, AQP3, ENaC-beta, ENaC-gamma, SGK1, and NKCC in the kidneys were observed. The results showed that acute atrial fibrillation led to renal inflammatory response and fibrosis, hindering water and sodium metabolism, which was associated with the up-regulation of NKCC, ENaC, and AQPs in the kidneys.