Intermittent Fasting and Physical Exercise for Preventing Metabolic Disorders through Interaction with Gut Microbiota: A Review

Metabolic disorders entail both health risks and economic burdens to our society. A considerable part of the cause of metabolic disorders is mediated by the gut microbiota. The gut microbial structure and function are susceptible to dietary patterns and host physiological activities. A sedentary lifestyle accompanied by unhealthy eating habits propels the release of harmful metabolites, which impair the intestinal barrier, thereby triggering a constant change in the immune system and biochemical signals. Noteworthy, healthy dietary interventions, such as intermittent fasting, coupled with regular physical exercise can improve several metabolic and inflammatory parameters, resulting in stronger beneficial actions for metabolic health. In this review, the current progress on how gut microbiota may link to the mechanistic basis of common metabolic disorders was discussed. We also highlight the independent and synergistic effects of fasting and exercise interventions on metabolic health and provide perspectives for preventing metabolic disorders.

Automated summary

Metabolic disorders pose health risks and economic burdens. Gut microbiota plays a significant role in these disorders, influenced by diet and host activities. Unhealthy eating habits and sedentary lifestyles lead to harmful metabolite release, damaging the intestinal barrier and causing immune system and biochemical changes. Intermittent fasting and exercise interventions promote metabolic and inflammatory improvements, preventing metabolic disorders. This review discusses the link between gut microbiota and metabolic disorders, highlighting the effects of fasting and exercise on metabolic health.