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Vitamin D and Chronic Kidney Disease Association with Mineral and Bone Disorder: An Appraisal of Tangled Guidelines

NUTRIENTS (2023)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Real-World Analysis of Outcomes and Economic Burden in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease with and without Secondary Hyperparathyroidism among a Sample of the Italian Population

Simona Barbuto et al.

Summary: This real-world analysis examined the clinical and economic impact of non-dialysis-dependent CKD patients with and without secondary hyperparathyroidism (sHPT) in Italy. The study found that CKD patients with sHPT had a higher incidence of progression to dialysis and cumulative mortality, as well as significantly higher healthcare costs compared to CKD patients without sHPT. The findings highlight the importance of timely intervention to improve the management of CKD patients affected by sHPT.

NUTRIENTS (2023)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

24,25-Dihydroxy Vitamin D and Vitamin D Metabolite Ratio as Biomarkers of Vitamin D in Chronic Kidney Disease

Seunghye Lee et al.

Summary: Appropriate management of vitamin D deficiency and hyperparathyroidism is essential in preventing metabolic bone disorder and cardiovascular diseases in chronic kidney disease. The study found that the ratio of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D to 25-hydroxyvitamin D (VMR) can serve as a useful biomarker for evaluating metabolic bone disorder in CKD patients. The study concluded that 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and VMR have the potential to be reliable vitamin D biomarkers in CKD patients.

NUTRIENTS (2023)

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Article Transplantation

CKD-MBD biomarkers and CKD progression: an analysis by the joint model

Graziella D'Arrigo et al.

Summary: This longitudinal study investigated the relationship between repeated measurements of CKD-MBD biomarkers and renal outcomes in CKD patients. The results suggested that serum PTH, calcium, phosphate, FGF23, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D were independently associated with the progression to kidney failure.

NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION (2023)

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Review Transplantation

Treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in non-dialysis CKD: an appraisal 2022s

Markus Ketteler et al.

Summary: This article reviews the management of secondary hyperparathyroidism in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients, discussing the strengths and weaknesses of guideline-based and clinical practice approaches, as well as the importance of individualized strategies and calcium-phosphate homeostasis. Additionally, it introduces a new treatment option and a potentially novel understanding of vitamin D saturation in advanced stages of chronic kidney disease.

NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION (2023)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Economic burden of secondary hyperparathyroidism in Germany: a matched comparison

Helmut Reichel et al.

Summary: This study assessed the characteristics, healthcare resource utilization, and costs of incident SHPT patients in CKD3 and CKD4, and found that these patients had higher healthcare resource utilization and costs, as well as faster disease progression.

INTERNATIONAL UROLOGY AND NEPHROLOGY (2023)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Silver jubilee: 25 years of the first demonstration of the direct effect of phosphate on the parathyroid cell

Jordi Bover et al.

Summary: This article reviews the research on the role of inorganic phosphates (PO43-) in secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic kidney disease over the past 25 years. It highlights the direct effect of PO43- on parathyroid hormone synthesis and secretion, as well as the importance of PO43- overload in systemic pathogenesis.

NEFROLOGIA (2022)

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Article Transplantation

Independent effects of parathyroid hormone and phosphate levels on hard outcomes in non-dialysis patients: food for thought

Pablo Urena Torres et al.

NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION (2022)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Critical Appraisal of Large Vitamin D Randomized Controlled Trials

Stefan Pilz et al.

Summary: Based on epidemiological studies, vitamin D deficiency is associated with various adverse health outcomes. Most vitamin D randomized controlled trials did not specifically target individuals with vitamin D deficiency, but potential benefits such as reduced cancer mortality or acute respiratory infections were observed. High-dose vitamin D supplementation trials generally did not show significant safety issues. However, future trials should be designed based on the outcomes and limitations of recent large vitamin D randomized controlled trials.

NUTRIENTS (2022)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Diagnosis and Management of Osteoporosis in Advanced Kidney Disease: A Review

Charles Ginsberg et al.

Summary: Osteoporosis and fractures are common in persons with advanced CKD and on maintenance dialysis. Imaging, biomarkers, and bone biopsy can help identify high-risk patients and target bone turnover abnormalities. Data on osteoporosis drugs in advanced CKD patients are limited.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES (2022)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Effect of vitamin D sterols on bone histology in pre-dialysis patients: A prospective controlled study

Ricardo Neto et al.

Summary: Calcitriol was found to be effective in preventing secondary hyperparathyroidism and high-turnover bone disease. However, it was associated with an increased risk of developing or aggravating low-turnover bone disease.

CLINICAL NEPHROLOGY (2022)

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Editorial Material Medicine, General & Internal

Osteoporosis in chronic kidney disease: A essential challenge

Enrique Casado et al.

MEDICINA CLINICA (2022)

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Article Transplantation

Independent effects of secondary hyperparathyroidism and hyperphosphataemia on chronic kidney disease progression and cardiovascular events: an analysis from the NEFRONA cohort

Milica Bozic et al.

Summary: The study found that SHPT and hyperphosphatemia are independently associated with CKD progression and cardiovascular event incidence in CKD patients, while hypercalcemia does not act as an effect modifier for SHPT.

NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION (2022)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Recomendaciones De La Sociedad Espanola De Nefrologia Para El Manejo De Las Alteraciones Del Metabolismo Oseo-Mineral En Los Pacientes Con Enfermedad Renal Cronica. 2021 (SEN-MM)

Jose-Vicente Torregrosa

NEFROLOGIA (2022)

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Article Transplantation

Secondary hyperparathyroidism (CKD-MBD) treatment and the risk of dementia

Aarti Mathur et al.

Summary: Receiving treatment for secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) was associated with a lower risk of incident dementia among older patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The beneficial effect of SHPT treatment differed by sex and race, with females and those of Asian or Black race experiencing the greatest reduction in dementia risk.

NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION (2022)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Vitamin D and Its Target Genes

Carsten Carlberg

Summary: The vitamin D metabolite 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3 acts as a ligand for the transcription factor vitamin D receptor (VDR), and regulates the expression of target genes through chromatin changes. VDR binds to genomic DNA and interacts with partner proteins.

NUTRIENTS (2022)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Alkaline Phosphatase: An Old Friend as Treatment Target for Cardiovascular and Mineral Bone Disorders in Chronic Kidney Disease

Mathias Haarhaus et al.

Summary: This narrative review summarizes recent clinical investigations and mechanisms linking alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) to inflammation, metabolic syndrome, vascular calcification, cardiovascular disease, and mortality. Further discussions include the association between ALP, vitamin K, bone metabolism, and fracture risk in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), as well as advancements in pharmacological strategies to modulate ALP expression in CKD-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD).

NUTRIENTS (2022)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Real-world assessment: effectiveness and safety of extended-release calcifediol and other vitamin D therapies for secondary hyperparathyroidism in CKD patients

Michael J. Germain et al.

Summary: ERC is more effective than other vitamin D therapies in increasing levels of 25D and reducing levels of PTH.

BMC NEPHROLOGY (2022)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Mineral and bone disorder and longterm survival in a chronic kidney disease grade 3b-4cohort

Pablo Rios et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the association between serum calcium, phosphate, intact parathyroid hormone, and vitamin D levels with mortality risk in patients with chronic kidney disease. The findings suggest that elevated phosphate, intact parathyroid hormone levels, and low vitamin D levels are associated with higher mortality risk.

RENAL FAILURE (2022)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

The Increase in FGF23 Induced by Calcium Is Partially Dependent on Vitamin D Signaling

Sandra Rayego-Mateos et al.

Summary: This study found that Ca2+ can increase FGF23 levels independently of vitamin D and PTH, but the increase is lower in cells and animal models lacking VDR, and part of the increase is mediated by vitamin D signaling.

NUTRIENTS (2022)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Vitamin D and Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Critical Appraisal of the Past, Present, and the Future

Vincent Brandenburg et al.

Summary: This review examines the developments of vitamin D therapies in CKD patients and discusses the association between vitamin D deficiency and sHPT as well as its impact on important clinical outcomes in CKD patients. However, vitamin D therapy also comes with the risk of side effects, so it is necessary to address core issues regarding PTH target levels, optimal vitamin D levels, and the effectiveness of sHPT treatment in CKD patients.

NUTRIENTS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The metabolism of 1,25(OH)2D3 in clinical and experimental kidney disease

Mandy E. Turner et al.

Summary: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to altered vitamin D metabolism, with decreasing levels of 24-hydroxylated products. The unique vitamin D metabolism in CKD may guide more effective treatment strategies.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Therapeutic Potential of a Novel Vitamin D3 Oxime Analogue, VD1-6, with CYP24A1 Enzyme Inhibitory Activity and Negligible Vitamin D Receptor Binding

Ali K. Alshabrawy et al.

Summary: The regulation of vitamin D-3 actions is mainly through CYP24A1 enzyme activity, which is upregulated in diseases such as chronic kidney disease. A novel C-24 O-methyloxime analogue of vitamin D-3 (VD1-6) with potent CYP24A1 inhibitory properties was designed and synthesized. VD1-6 showed superior binding to CYP24A1 and inhibited its activity, indicating its potential as an alternative therapeutic candidate for treating secondary hyperparathyroidism.

BIOMOLECULES (2022)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Megalin and Vitamin D Metabolism-Implications in Non-Renal Tissues and Kidney Disease

Sono S. Khan et al.

Summary: Megalin is an endocytic receptor that plays a crucial role in vitamin D metabolism, facilitating the conversion of precursor 25(OH)D-3 to the active form 1,25(OH)(2)D-3. It is expressed in renal and extrarenal cells, regulating vitamin D homeostasis in various tissues. Despite downregulation of megalin expression in chronic kidney disease models, contradictory results have been observed between humans and rodents.

NUTRIENTS (2022)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

25-OH vitamin D threshold for optimal bone mineral density in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease

Debajyoti Roy et al.

Summary: This study found that a 25(OH)D < 27 ng/ml is associated with low bone mineral density in patients with and without CKD. Further prospective studies are needed to validate these findings and determine the effect of vitamin D repletion to at least 27 ng/ml and the outcome of hip fractures.

FRONTIERS IN AGING (2022)

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Article Transplantation

European Consensus Statement on the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in chronic kidney disease stages G4-G5D

Pieter Evenepoel et al.

Summary: Treating osteoporosis in patients with CKD G4-G5D is challenging due to the complex pathophysiology and uncertainties surrounding diagnosis and treatment methods for fractures.

NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION (2021)

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Article Transplantation

The risk of medically uncontrolled secondary hyperparathyroidism depends on parathyroid hormone levels at haemodialysis initiation

Nahid Tabibzadeh et al.

Summary: The study found that patients with higher PTH levels before starting hemodialysis were more likely to be prescribed active vitamin D and calcimimetics during the first year of hemodialysis. Additionally, these patients had a higher risk of having PTH levels greater than 600pg/mL 9-12 months after starting hemodialysis.

NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION (2021)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Disorders in bone-mineral parameters and the risk of death in persons with chronic kidney disease stages 4 and 5: the PECERA study

Pablo Molina et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates a non-linear association between serum calcium, phosphate, and iPTH levels with mortality in CKD patients. There may be potential survival benefits for controlling bone mineral parameters, with specific optimal ranges identified for each biomarker.

JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY (2021)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Impact of nutritional vitamin D supplementation on parathyroid hormone and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis

Jordi Bover et al.

Summary: Nutritional vitamin D supplementation has limited effect on key biomarkers related to secondary hyperparathyroidism, with the ability to increase 25(OH)D levels but not significantly reduce PTH levels, while also causing an increase in calcium levels.

CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Secondary hyperparathyroidism and adverse health outcomes in adults with chronic kidney disease

Yang Xu et al.

Summary: The study found that the incidence of SHPT increases with the progression of CKD, with low eGFR being the strongest predictor of SHPT. Developing SHPT was significantly associated with increased risks of death, cardiovascular events, CKD progression, and fractures.

CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL (2021)

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Review Geriatrics & Gerontology

Effects of hormonal changes on sarcopenia in chronic kidney disease: where are we now and what can we do?

Ozkan Gungor et al.

Summary: Sarcopenia, a condition characterized by accelerated loss of muscle mass and function, is a major focus of research due to its impact on health-related quality of life and mortality. Hormonal imbalances, such as low testosterone levels and vitamin D deficiency, are common findings in patients with CKD and may contribute to the development of sarcopenia.

JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE (2021)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Hyporesponsiveness or resistance to the action of parathyroid hormone in chronic kidney disease

Jordi Bover et al.

Summary: Secondary hyperparathyroidism is a key component of chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder, often related to resistance to PTH. Research on the hyporesponsiveness to PTH in CKD has important clinical implications.

NEFROLOGIA (2021)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Differentiating the causes of adynamic bone in advanced chronic kidney disease informs osteoporosis treatment

Mathias Haarhaus et al.

Summary: Patients with chronic kidney disease have an increased risk of fractures due to impaired bone quality and quantity. Pharmacological therapy can improve bone mineral density and reduce fracture risk in moderate CKD, but its efficacy in advanced CKD remains uncertain. Adynamic bone disease has emerged as the predominant form of renal osteodystrophy, commonly associated with poor outcomes.

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Chronic kidney disease

Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh et al.

Summary: Chronic kidney disease is a progressive disease with no cure, and preserving kidney function through lifestyle adjustments and pharmacological interventions can improve outcomes. A plant-dominant, low-protein, and low-salt diet may help mitigate glomerular hyperfiltration and preserve renal function. Various pharmacotherapies can also be used to alter intrarenal haemodynamics and protect the kidney from further damage.

LANCET (2021)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

The Role of Diet in Bone and Mineral Metabolism and Secondary Hyperparathyroidism

Matteo Bargagli et al.

Summary: Diet plays a crucial role in the management and prevention of secondary hyperparathyroidism, with evidence supporting reduced phosphate intake, avoiding low calcium and vitamin D consumption, and considering individualized dietary modifications based on existing risk factors. Further studies are needed to assess the long-term outcomes of a balanced diet in at-risk patients.

NUTRIENTS (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

FGF23 and Vitamin D Metabolism

Nejla Latic et al.

Summary: FGF23 acts as a crucial regulator of vitamin D metabolism, primarily in the kidney, by inhibiting and activating key enzymes involved in the activation and degradation of vitamin D. 1,25(OH)(2)D serves as a positive regulator of FGF23 secretion, establishing a feedback loop between the kidney and bone. While there has been progress in understanding the genomic mechanisms of FGF23-mediated regulation of vitamin D metabolism, unresolved issues still exist regarding intracellular signaling cascades.

JBMR PLUS (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Vitamin D and Glomerulonephritis

Guido Gembillo et al.

Summary: Vitamin D plays a crucial role in Chronic Kidney Disease patients by reducing proteinuria and slowing kidney disease progression. It has anti-inflammatory effects and protects podocytes, contributing to the inhibition of kidney inflammation.

MEDICINA-LITHUANIA (2021)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Longitudinal Evolution of Markers of Mineral Metabolism in Patients With CKD: The Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study

Tamara Isakova et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES (2020)

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Review Physiology

Regulation and Effects of FGF23 in Chronic Kidney Disease

John Musgrove et al.

ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYSIOLOGY, VOL 82 (2020)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Slowing Progression of Cardiovascular Calcification With SNF472 in Patients on Hemodialysis Results of a Randomized Phase 2b Study

Paolo Raggi et al.

CIRCULATION (2020)

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Article Medical Laboratory Technology

Nutritional vitamin D in CKD: Should we measure? Should we treat?

Irene Capelli et al.

CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA (2020)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Evidence in chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder guidelines: is it time to treat or time to wait?

Jordi Bover et al.

CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL (2020)

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Editorial Material Urology & Nephrology

FOREWORD

Alison Steiber et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES (2020)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Vitamin D supplement on prevention of fall and fracture A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Saran Thanapluetiwong et al.

MEDICINE (2020)

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Review Transplantation

Klotho and endocrine fibroblast growth factors: markers of chronic kidney disease progression and cardiovascular complications?

Makoto Kuro-o

NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION (2019)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Native vitamin D in pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease

Mariana P. Cardoso et al.

NEFROLOGIA (2019)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Osteoporosis, bone mineral density and CKD-MBD (II): Therapeutic implications

Jordi Bover et al.

NEFROLOGIA (2019)

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Editorial Material Urology & Nephrology

Vitamin D and Cardiovascular Complications of CKD What's Next?

Debasish Banerjee et al.

CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2019)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Native Hypovitaminosis D in CKD Patients: From Experimental Evidence to Clinical Practice

Carlo Alfieri et al.

NUTRIENTS (2019)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

The Klotho proteins in health and disease

Makoto Kuro-o

NATURE REVIEWS NEPHROLOGY (2019)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Vitamin D Supplements and Prevention of Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease

JoAnn E. Manson et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2019)

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2017 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD) Guideline Update Implementation: Asia Summit Conference Report

Angela Yee-Moon Wang et al.

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL REPORTS (2019)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Rationale for Raising Current Clinical Practice Guideline Target for Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in Chronic Kidney Disease

Stephen A. Strugnell et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY (2019)

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Article Transplantation

High doses of cholecalciferol alleviate the progression of hyperparathyroidism in patients with CKD Stages 3-4: results of a 12-week double-blind, randomized, controlled study

Per-Anton Westerberg et al.

NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION (2018)

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Vitamin D status and mortality risk among patients on dialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Yuhui Zhang et al.

NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION (2018)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Impact of Vitamin D on the Cardiovascular System in Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and Dialysis Patients

Anna Gluba-Brzozka et al.

NUTRIENTS (2018)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Vitamin D in Vascular Calcification: A Double-Edged Sword?

Jeffrey Wang et al.

NUTRIENTS (2018)

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Article Nutrition & Dietetics

Italian Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AME) and Italian Chapter of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) Position Statement: Clinical Management of Vitamin D Deficiency in Adults

Roberto Cesareo et al.

NUTRIENTS (2018)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Bone and mineral disorders in chronic kidney disease: implications for cardiovascular health and ageing in the general population

Adrian Covic et al.

LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY (2018)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Renal association commentary on the KDIGO (2017) clinical practice guideline update for the diagnosis, evaluation, prevention, and treatment of CKD-MBD

James O. Burton et al.

BMC NEPHROLOGY (2018)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Fractures in patients with CKD-diagnosis, treatment, and prevention: a review by members of the European Calcified Tissue Society and the European Renal Association of Nephrology Dialysis and Transplantation

Ana Pimentel et al.

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL (2017)

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Article Pathology

Pleiotropic Actions of FGF23

Reinhold G. Erben

TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY (2017)

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Review Nutrition & Dietetics

Vitamin D in Chronic Kidney Disease and Dialysis Patients

Guillaume Jean et al.

NUTRIENTS (2017)

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Review Geriatrics & Gerontology

Vitamin D, a modulator of musculoskeletal health in chronic kidney disease

Pablo Molina et al.

JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE (2017)

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Editorial Material Urology & Nephrology

KDIGO 2017 Clinical Practice Guideline Update for the Diagnosis, Evaluation, Prevention, and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD) Foreword

David C. Wheeler et al.

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL SUPPLEMENTS (2017)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

FGF23-Klotho signaling axis in the kidney

Reinhold G. Erben et al.

BONE (2017)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, parathyroid hormone, calcium intake, and bone mineral density in Spanish adults

J. M. Olmos et al.

OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL (2016)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Use of Extended-Release Calcifediol to Treat Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Stages 3 and 4 Chronic Kidney Disease

Stuart M. Sprague et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY (2016)

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Editorial Material Urology & Nephrology

Fractures in Patients with CKD: Time for Action

Sharon M. Moe et al.

CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2016)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Parathyroid hormone metabolism and signaling in health and chronic kidney disease

Pieter Evenepoel et al.

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL (2016)

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Article Transplantation

Moderator's view: Vitamin D deficiency treatment in advanced chronic kidney disease: a close look at the emperor's clothes

Carmine Zoccali et al.

NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION (2016)

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VITAMIN D: METABOLISM, MOLECULAR MECHANISM OF ACTION, AND PLEIOTROPIC EFFECTS

Sylvia Christakos et al.

PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS (2016)

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Global Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nathan R. Hill et al.

PLOS ONE (2016)

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A systematic review of vitamin D status in populations worldwide

Jennifer Hilger et al.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION (2014)

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Vitamin D Metabolites and/or Analogs: Which D for Which Patient?

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Effect of Paricalcitol on Left Ventricular Mass and Function in CKD-The OPERA Trial

Angela Yee-Moon Wang et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2014)

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Molecular interactions of FGF23 and PTH in phosphate regulation

Beate Lanske et al.

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL (2014)

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Editorial Material Physiology

The physiology of vitamin D-far more than calcium and bone

Geoffrey A. Head

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Bone: a new endocrine organ at the heart of chronic kidney disease and mineral and bone disorders

Marc G. Vervloet et al.

LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY (2014)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Vitamin D Treatment and Mortality in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Flore Duranton et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY (2013)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Management of Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Stages 3 and 4 Chronic Kidney Disease

Dennis Andress et al.

Endocrine Practice (2013)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Health is better at serum 25(OH)D above 30 ng/mL

Robert P. Heaney

JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (2013)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Evidence in Favor of a Severely Impaired Net Intestinal Calcium Absorption in Patients with (Early-Stage) Chronic Kidney Disease

L. Viaene et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY (2012)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

FGF23 acts directly on renal proximal tubules to induce phosphaturia through activation of the ERK1/2-SGK1 signaling pathway

Olena Andrukhova et al.

BONE (2012)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

High prevalence of winter 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency despite supplementation according to guidelines for hemodialysis patients

Emilio Gonzalez-Parra et al.

CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL NEPHROLOGY (2012)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Vitamin D Therapy and Cardiac Structure and Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease The PRIMO Randomized Controlled Trial

Ravi Thadhani et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2012)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

IOM Committee Members Respond to Endocrine Society Vitamin D Guideline

Clifford J. Rosen et al.

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Vitamin D, cardiovascular disease and mortality

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CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY (2011)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Secondary Hyperparathyroidism: Pathogenesis, Disease Progression, and Therapeutic Options

John Cunningham et al.

CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2011)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 and Risks of Mortality and End-Stage Renal Disease in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Tamara Isakova et al.

JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION (2011)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Evaluation, Treatment, and Prevention of Vitamin D Deficiency: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline

Michael F. Holick et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2011)

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Editorial Material Endocrinology & Metabolism

The 2011 Report on Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D from the Institute of Medicine: What Clinicians Need to Know

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JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM (2011)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

FGF23 induces left ventricular hypertrophy

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JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION (2011)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Mineral and bone disorders in chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease patients: new insights into vitamin D receptor activation

Jordi Bover et al.

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL SUPPLEMENTS (2011)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Cholecalciferol Supplementation in Hemodialysis Patients: Effects on Mineral Metabolism, Inflammation, and Cardiac Dimension Parameters

Patricia Joao Matias et al.

CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY (2010)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Bone Mineralization Defects and Vitamin D Deficiency: Histomorphometric Analysis of Iliac Crest Bone Biopsies and Circulating 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in 675 Patients

Matthias Priemel et al.

JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH (2010)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Parathyroid Hormone, A Uremic Toxin

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SEMINARS IN DIALYSIS (2009)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Fibroblast growth factor 23 and mortality among patients undergoing hemodialysis

Orlando M. Gutierrez et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2008)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Vitamin D deficiency

Michael F. Holick

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2007)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Prevalence of abnormal serum vitamin D, PTH, calcium, and phosphorus in patients with chronic kidney disease: Results of the study to evaluate early kidney disease

A. Levin et al.

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL (2007)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Chronic kidney disease-mineral-bone disorder: A new paradigm

Sharon M. Moe et al.

ADVANCES IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (2007)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Toll-like receptor triggering of a vitamin D-mediated human antimicrobial response

PT Liu et al.

SCIENCE (2006)

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Article Urology & Nephrology

Paricalcitol capsule for the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in stages 3 and 4 CKD

D Coyne et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES (2006)

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Review Urology & Nephrology

Definition, evaluation, and classification of renal osteodystrophy: A position statement from kidney disease: Improving global outcomes (KDIGO)

S. Moe et al.

KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL (2006)

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Suppression of aging in mice by the hormone Klotho

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SCIENCE (2005)

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