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Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yongchang Li et al.
Summary: We present a method to determine the depth regions affected by interstitial effect and surface effects in self-ion-irradiated metals, with the aim of identifying safe analysis zones for ion-neutron correlations. Experiments were conducted on single crystal iron at various ion energies, and it was found that energies <= 1 MeV did not yield a safe depth range, while energies >= 2.5 MeV provided useful safe zones. The width of the surface-affected zone was found to be twice that of the void-denuded zone, and the interstitial-affected region did not spread with increasing damage level. This study enhances the credibility of ion simulation for predicting void swelling in neutron environments.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Roman Laptev et al.
Summary: The effect of helium ion irradiation on Zr/Nb nanoscale multilayer coatings (NMCs) was investigated. The results showed that the layered structure of the NMCs was retained after irradiation, but internal stresses were increased, leading to wave-like distortion in the ion deposition zone. The microstructure and properties of the NMCs were influenced by the layer thickness, with the thinnest layers exhibiting smaller microstress changes but forming single blisters in the near-surface region.
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Zhaoming Yang et al.
Summary: In this study, FCC/BCC high-entropy alloy multilayers with different interfacial structures were prepared and irradiated. The irradiation-induced structural damage and irradiation-hardening behavior of the multilayers were analyzed. It was found that the coherent and semicoherent interfaces mainly affected the behavior of helium in the multilayers. The results showed that coherent interfaces promoted the migration ability of helium bubbles, leading to lower bubble swelling and irradiation hardening capability in high-entropy alloys. These findings provide insights into the role of interfacial structures in the irradiation tolerance of nanostructured eutectic high entropy alloys.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hanliang Zhu et al.
Summary: Zircaloy-4 alloy specimens were irradiated with 5 MeV He ions at different temperatures, resulting in the formation of defect clusters and He bubbles. Molecular dynamics simulations and crystallography analyses revealed that the defect clusters were composed of Zr interstitials, while the He bubbles formed through the clustering of He atoms and vacancies. These findings provide insights into the irradiation-induced microstructural changes in the alloy.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
D. J. M. King et al.
Summary: This review discusses the potential of current Zr alloys and advanced Zr alloys to meet the requirements of structural materials in fusion reactors. While current commercial Zr alloys can be used in water-cooled breeder blanket designs, they fail to meet the high temperature strength and thermal creep requirements for breeder blankets operating at higher temperatures. Higher order Zr alloys show promise in achieving the necessary high temperature strength, ductility, and low thermal neutron cross-section, but there is limited data and uncertainty regarding their structural performance and microstructural stability at these temperatures.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Huseyin Sener Sen et al.
Summary: Nanolayered metallic alloys show different strain behavior under ion irradiation, depending on the thickness of the multilayer structure. The reasons behind this difference are revealed and validated by semianalytical modeling and local strain mapping. The study also uncovers the radiation-induced transition of the Zr/Nb interfaces from incoherent to partially coherent. Based on this work, a specific Zr/NbSS multilayer system with certain thickness is proposed for nuclear applications, which exhibits high radiation damage resistance and minimum swelling.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
N. Daghbouj et al.
Summary: Tailoring interfaces is an effective method for reducing radiation defect accumulation. Understanding the strain evolution caused by ion bombardment in nuclear materials is crucial for next-generation reactors. In this study, it was found that thin Zr/Nb-6 multilayers exhibit relatively high out-of-plane strain after Cu implantation, while thick Zr/Nb-96 shows minimal distortion. Local strain mapping and molecular dynamics simulations were used to identify the types of defects responsible for layer distortion and the differences between inner and interface-affected regions.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Huilong Yang
Summary: Radiation-induced hardening (RIH) is an important indicator for understanding radiation-induced embrittlement and selecting new materials for nuclear energy systems. Most studies on RIH have focused on homogeneous microstructures, but in practical applications, materials often exhibit inhomogeneous microstructures, resulting in anisotropy in RIH. This review article summarizes the recent anisotropic effects of RIH in nuclear structural materials and discusses possible influencing factors. Understanding the anisotropic effects of RIH is necessary for accurately evaluating the degradation behavior of current structural materials in reactors and developing new materials for future nuclear systems.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Roman Laptev et al.
Summary: Radiation damage is a significant factor that limits the operating time of structural materials under extreme conditions. The development of nanoscale multilayer coatings (NMCs) is a promising direction for creating materials that are resistant to radiation damage and have improved physical and mechanical properties. This study focuses on the experimental comprehension of changes in defect structure and mechanical properties of Zr/Nb NMCs under irradiation, using various analytical techniques. The results show that the thickness of individual layers and the irradiation have an impact on the interface destruction and defect level in the NMCs, and the diffusion of hydrogen is affected by the composition of the multilayers.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jia Huang et al.
Summary: In fusion reactors, high-energy neutron irradiation generates helium and hydrogen that interact with displacement defects, causing synergistic effects. Due to the lack of high-flux fusion neutron sources, multi-ion beam irradiation is proposed as a promising method to emulate these effects.
FRONTIERS IN MATERIALS
(2022)
Review
Nuclear Science & Technology
Guanyu Jiang et al.
Summary: This work reviews the corrosion behavior and mechanism of Zr-Nb alloy in different simulated nuclear conditions. The oxidation states of Nb in the oxide layer affect the oxidation kinetics, while the corrosion morphologies and elemental compositions of the surface layer in high-temperature water and steam depend on the behavior of β-Nb second phase particles. Optimizing alloy composition, doping elements, manufacturing parameters, and protective coatings are feasible methods to improve the corrosion resistance of Zr-Nb alloy.
PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
N. Daghbouj et al.
Summary: The radiation responses of Zr/Nb nanostructured metallic multilayers (NMMs) were studied under heavy-ion irradiation. It was found that thin Zr/Nb multilayers demonstrated excellent radiation resistance due to the high density of interfaces acting as sinks for radiation-induced point defects. An transition from hardening to softening occurred at high fluence with increasing thickness, indicating the importance of interface density in enhancing radiation tolerance.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yuchi Cui et al.
Summary: The study investigates the fracture behavior of nanocomposite materials and finds that hierarchical structures exhibit crack growth resistance, leading to increased toughness. Electron microscopy characterization identifies three mechanisms of crack growth resistance in hierarchical structures: crack bridging, crack deflection, and multiple cracking.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
N. Daghbouj et al.
Summary: In this study, Sputter-deposited Zr/Nb nanoscale metallic multilayers were implanted with Cu+ ions and studied using experimental techniques and DFT calculations. A mathematical method was developed to understand the deformation mechanisms in metallic multilayers subjected to radiation damage. The model predicts that vacancies and interstitials exhibit high mobility in the Zr side of the interface, resulting in a high recombination rate and less strain compared to the Nb side.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Min Li et al.
Summary: Helium atoms are easily trapped at the copper/tungsten interface, forming larger helium bubbles and increasing helium concentration.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Cong Dai et al.
Summary: By combining atomistic calculations and continuum laws, this study models irradiation-induced vacancy and interstitial dislocation loops in alpha-zirconium. Comprehensive simulations of loops with different shapes and sizes are conducted, and the continuum modeling is calibrated using results from molecular statics and ab initio data to support the coexistence of vacancy and interstitial loops while noting the limitations for quantitative predictions.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jinyang Ni et al.
Summary: The properties of multilayer films are determined by the microstructure, which can be adjusted by manipulating the deposition parameters. This review summarizes the influences of the deposition parameters on the microstructure evolution and discusses the impacts of individual layer thickness and irradiation behavior on the microstructure.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Roman Laptev et al.
Summary: This study investigated the Zr/Nb nanoscale multilayer coating before and after H+ irradiation using experimental techniques and first-principles calculations. The research revealed that hydrogen is predominantly localized in the Zr layers of Zr/Nb NMC, and positron annihilation mainly occurs in the Zr layers near the interfaces.
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H. L. Yang et al.
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Review
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H. S. Sen et al.
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(2019)
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(2019)
Review
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Huaqiang Chen et al.
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Hashina Parveen Anwar Ali et al.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
(2019)
Review
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G. S. Was et al.
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(2019)
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Xueyan Zhu et al.
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(2017)
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M. A. Cerdeira et al.
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(2016)
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Denise C. Ford et al.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2015)
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Physics, Condensed Matter
Jian Zheng et al.
ADVANCES IN CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS
(2014)
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Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
A. Debski et al.
ARCHIVES OF METALLURGY AND MATERIALS
(2014)
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D. R. Hamann
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A. Kashinath et al.
MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
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C Domain et al.
PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE
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C Domain et al.
