A Soft Hand Exoskeleton With a Novel Tendon Layout to Improve Stable Wearing in Grasping Assistance

We present a novel soft exoskeleton providing active support for hand closing and opening. The main novelty is a different tendon routing, folded laterally on both sides of the hand, and adding clenching forces when the exoskeleton is activated. It improves the stability of the glove, diminishing slippage and detachment of tendons from the hand palm toward the grasping workspace. The clenching effect is released when the hand is relaxed, thus enhancing the user's comfort. The alternative routing allowed embedding a single actuator on the hand dorsum, resulting more compact with no remote cable transmission. Enhanced adaptation to the hand is introduced by the modular design of the soft polymer open rings. FEM simulations were performed to understand the interaction between soft modules and fingers. Different experiments assessed the desired effect of the proposed routing in terms of stability and deformation of the glove, evaluated the inter-finger compliance for non-cylindrical grasping, and characterized the output grasping force. Experiments with subjects explored the grasping performance of the soft exoskeleton with different hand sizes. A preliminary evaluation with Spinal Cord Injury patients was useful to highlight the strengths and limitations of the device when applied to the target scenario.

Automated summary

We propose a new soft exoskeleton that actively supports hand closure and opening by using a unique tendon routing system. The design enhances stability, reduces slippage and detachment, and provides comfortable clenching effect. Additionally, the use of a single actuator and modular design improves adaptability to different hand sizes. Experimental evaluations have demonstrated positive results in terms of stability, deformation, inter-finger compliance, and grasping force. Initial evaluations with Spinal Cord Injury patients have provided valuable insights into the device's strengths and limitations in real-life scenarios.