Effect of metal ions on structural, morphological and optical properties of nano-crystallite spinel cobalt-aluminate (CoAl2O4)

The bright blue nano crystallite cobalt aluminate (CoAl2O4) was synthesized by sol-gel method using a mixture of chelating agent of glycerol and citric acid. The effects of changing (0.05, 0.075, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 mol/L) metal ion concentration on the structural, morphological and color properties of synthesized CoAl2O4 were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Four-ier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Nanoparticle size analyzer, Simultaneous Thermal Analyzer (STA), UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, and CIE-LAB colorimetric analysis. From the X-ray peak profile analysis, the crystallite size was measured by Debye-Scherrer (D-S) equation, and three different models presenting average crystallite sizes between 88.3 and 125.4 nm.The aver-age lattice strain, dislocation density, lattice constant, cell volume, and zeta potential were between 0.00021 and 0.0058, (1.73 to 12.8) x 1014 (lines/m2), 8.10658 to 8.11181 A, 533.60 to 533.81 A3,-56.4 to -63.5 mV, respectively. Using UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, the band gap was calcu-lated from Kubelka-Munk method, and the values of band gap increasing from 1.82 to 1.84 eV, respectively. The reflectance spectra and the CIE-L*a*b* values of cobalt aluminate is also mea-sured which confirmed the formation of blue nano crystallite cobalt aluminate. (c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Automated summary

The bright blue nano crystallite cobalt aluminate (CoAl2O4) was synthesized using a sol-gel method with a mixture of glycerol and citric acid as chelating agents. The effects of different metal ion concentrations (0.05, 0.075, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 mol/L) on the structural, morphological, and color properties of the synthesized CoAl2O4 were analyzed using various techniques including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nanoparticle size analysis, simultaneous thermal analysis, UV-vis absorption spectrometry, and CIE-LAB colorimetric analysis. The results showed that the crystallite size, lattice strain, dislocation density, lattice constant, cell volume, band gap, and color properties of the cobalt aluminate were influenced by the metal ion concentration.