A geographic routing based on local traffic density and multi-hop intersections in VANETs for intelligent traffic system in smart cities (GRBLTD-MI)

The emergence of the intelligent city, in the late 2000s, was a worldwide success that has invited itself to the national political agendas of several countries in world association of the major metropolises as well as in the multinational strategy. The success of this global phenomenon is indisputable; however, the smart city remains enigmatic, without precise definition and vague terms. The smart cities projects are characterized by the ability to interconnect urban systems between themselves, including transport system, electricity system, waste system, water system, gas system, etc. and to make each system develop itself; For instance, the field of urban and interurban transport has experienced a spectacular boom over the last few decades mainly with the appearance of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) having promoted the concept of smarts cities mentioned by the birth of intelligent transport systems (ITS). The notion of routing is important and necessary for ITS in order to establish an efficient transmission process in VANETs. A large number of routing protocols exist in VANETs that are classified by different methods and according to determined criteria. This paper proposes a new geographic routing solution based on an intersection entitled A Geographic Routing Based on Local Traffic Density and Multi-hop Intersections in VANETs (GRBLTD-MI) that is more adapted in the context of smart cities. This new approach will discuss the selection of the next intersection when taking into consideration the connectivity of the multi-hop intersection with the use of vehicle's local traffic density, speed, distance and direction. Simulation comparison of GRBLTD-MI against some strong routing protocols has shown the superiority of our approach in terms of packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay and packet overhead.

Automated summary

The emergence of the intelligent city in the late 2000s has been a global success and attracted the attention of several countries. However, the concept of smart city still lacks a precise definition. Smart city projects aim to interconnect various urban systems, such as transportation, electricity, waste, water, and gas, and promote their individual development.