The dynamics of macro- and microplastic quantity and size changes during the composting process

The quantity and type of macro-and microplastics was investigated in rotting material during the composting process of two state-of-the-art composting plants in Austria. Microplastics >0.2 mm, were found already after the first turning event in both facilities. The generation of microplastics was more extensive in the plant that used shorter turning intervals during the first four weeks and generated approx. 21 particles per week and kg- 1 DM. After 4 weeks of operation less microplastic particles were detected, which suggested that particles were frac-tionated to smaller sizes during processing. In addition, a total of nine composts from three different facilities that were operated in various settlement structures were compared. 7 to 232 macro-and microplastic particles per kg DM were found, whereas the highest plastic burden was observed in the composts made from biowaste that originated from the most densely populated area.

Automated summary

The quantity and type of macro-and microplastics during the composting process were investigated in two state-of-the-art composting plants in Austria. Microplastics >0.2 mm were found after the first turning event in both facilities. The plant with shorter turning intervals generated more microplastics, averaging approximately 21 particles per week and kg- 1 DM during the first four weeks.