Serologic responses to COVID-19 vaccination in children with history of multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Examination of Adverse Reactions After COVID-19 Vaccination Among Patients With a History of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children

Matthew D. Elias et al.

Summary: This study aimed to describe adverse reactions following COVID-19 vaccination in patients with a history of MIS-C. The results showed that no serious adverse events were reported after COVID-19 vaccination in MIS-C patients. These findings suggest that the safety profile of COVID-19 vaccination in MIS-C patients appears to be similar to that in the general population.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2023)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Immune correlates analysis of the mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine efficacy clinical trial

Peter B. Gilbert et al.

Summary: In the COVE phase 3 clinical trial, neutralizing and binding antibodies were measured in vaccine recipients to determine their correlation with COVID-19 risk and vaccine efficacy. The results showed that these immune markers were inversely associated with COVID-19 risk and directly associated with vaccine efficacy. Postvaccination neutralization titers of 10, 100, and 1000 correlated with estimated vaccine efficacies of 78%, 91%, and 96% respectively.

SCIENCE (2022)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Effectiveness of BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) mRNA Vaccination Against Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Among Persons Aged 12–18 Years — United States, July–December 2021

Laura D. Zambrano et al.

MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT (2022)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Genomic Surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 Variants: Predominance of the Delta (B.1.617.2) and Omicron (B.1.1.529) Variants — United States, June 2021–January 2022

Anastasia S. Lambrou et al.

MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT (2022)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Limited induction of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome compared with COVID-19

Vidisha Singh et al.

Summary: This study investigates the pathogenesis of MIS-C and finds that children with MIS-C have weaker virus-specific T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 compared to children recovering from COVID-19. Cytokine production is also reduced in MIS-C. Although antibody responses are similar between MIS-C and convalescent COVID-19, there are differences in T cell responses.

JCI INSIGHT (2022)

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Article Immunology

Functional Antibody Responses to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Variants in Children With Coronavirus Disease 2019, Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children, and After Two Doses of BNT162b2 Vaccination

Christina A. Rostad et al.

Summary: This study investigated the neutralizing and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) responses to SARS-CoV-2 variants in children with COVID-19, multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), and after COVID-19 vaccination. The results showed that vaccination elicited stronger and broader responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants compared to COVID-19 or MIS-C, although the responses were diminished against Omicron.

JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

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Article Immunology

Serologic and Cytokine Signatures in Children With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome and Coronavirus Disease 2019

Stacey A. Lapp et al.

Summary: This study found that children with MIS-C had high titers of SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgG antibodies and acute hypercytokinemia with IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, and IFN-gamma. These elevated cytokine levels were associated with prolonged hospitalization.

OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Correlates of protection against symptomatic and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection

Shuo Feng et al.

Summary: Defined levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific binding and neutralizing antibodies elicited by the COVID-19 vaccine were identified as correlates of protection against symptomatic infection. Higher levels of immune markers were correlated with a reduced risk of symptomatic infection. The data can be used to extrapolate efficacy estimates to new populations.

NATURE MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Comorbid illnesses are associated with altered adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2

Krystle K. Q. Yu et al.

Summary: The study found that comorbid medical illnesses reduce the coordinated response between T cells and antibodies targeting SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 patients, leading to more severe disease outcomes.

JCI INSIGHT (2021)

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Article Virology

The development and kinetics of functional antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein

Xuemin Chen et al.

Summary: The study demonstrated that ADCC assay can accurately identify antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in convalescent patients, but not in healthy controls. There was a slight decline in ADCC titer over time, primarily mediated through the NK Fc gamma RIIIa receptor for cell lysis. The assay showed high sensitivity and specificity for detecting immune responses to SARS-CoV-2.

VIROLOGY (2021)

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Article Immunology