Mass spectrometry for mitochondrial multi-omics

Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles involved in many aspects of cell metabolism. Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to various disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular pa-thology, aging, and cancer. The mechanisms underneath mitochondrial biological functions and dys-functions are complex and diverse. Over the past decades, significant advancements in the field of mitochondrial biology have been made through the combination of high-throughput omics technologies and biochemical separation techniques. In this review, we discuss mass spectrometry-based mito-chondrial proteomics, metabolomics, and multi-omics integration. We highlight the methods of building protein-protein interactome, metabolic dynamic network, and protein-metabolite interaction network, which can promote the understanding of biological molecules in an active manner. Finally, we discuss the development of machine learning (ML) tools that allows the integration of multi-omics data and data -driven systematic study of mitochondria, providing a comprehensive and unprecedented insight into mitochondrial uncharted territory.(c) 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles involved in various cellular processes. Dysfunction of mitochondria is associated with multiple disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular pathology, aging, and cancer. Significant advancements have been made in mitochondrial biology through the combination of high-throughput omics technologies and biochemical separation techniques. This review focuses on mass spectrometry-based mitochondrial proteomics, metabolomics, and multi-omics integration, as well as the development of machine learning tools for comprehensive and unprecedented insight into mitochondrial uncharted territory.