Three-dimensional modeling of propagating precipitation waves

A general three-dimensional model for propagating precipitation waves is presented. Structural features identified in experimental studies of propagating waves in the AlCl3/NaOH and NaAl(OH)(4)/HCl systems are described by the 3D model. Two forms of precipitate with different physical properties play key mechanistic roles in the wave propagation. Experimentally observed circular and spiral waves are simulated by the 3D model, as well as wave annihilation on the collision of two waves. (c) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.