In-situ measurement of the electron spin polarization by controlling its distribution in atomic ensembles

The determination of electron spin polarization by controlling the atomic population distributions of ground states has been proposed. The polarization could be deduced by generating different population symmetries by polarized lights. The polarization of the atomic ensembles was decoded from optical depth in different transmissions of linearly and elliptic polarized lights. The feasibility of the method has been validated theoretically and experimentally. Moreover, the influences of relaxation and magnetic fields are analyzed. The transparency induced by high pump rates are investigated experimentally, and the influences of ellipticity of lights are also discussed. The in-situ polarization measurement was achieved without changing optical path of atomic magnetometer, which provides a new way to interrogate the performance of atomic magnetometer and in-situ monitoring the hyperpolarization of nuclear spins for atomic co-magnetometer.(c) 2023 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement

Automated summary

The determination of electron spin polarization is proposed based on controlling the atomic population distributions of ground states. The polarization is deduced by generating different population symmetries using polarized lights. The feasibility of the method is validated through theoretical and experimental analysis. The influences of relaxation and magnetic fields are also investigated, along with the effects of pump rates and ellipticity of lights. The in-situ polarization measurement without changing the optical path of the atomic magnetometer provides a new approach for evaluating its performance and monitoring the hyperpolarization of nuclear spins.