期刊
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
卷 51, 期 11, 页码 5414-5431出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad219
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Cellular totipotency is established through activation of transposable elements (TEs) critical for embryonic totipotency. The histone chaperone RBBP4, but not RBBP7, plays an indispensable role in maintaining the identity of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). RBBP4 binds to endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) and regulates heterochromatin formation through the recruitment of G9a, KAP1, and CHD4, thereby preventing the activation of TEs and cell fate transition from pluripotency to totipotency.
Cellular totipotency is critical for whole-organism generation, yet how totipotency is established remains poorly illustrated. Abundant transposable elements (TEs) are activated in totipotent cells, which is critical for embryonic totipotency. Here, we show that the histone chaperone RBBP4, but not its homolog RBBP7, is indispensable for maintaining the identity of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). Auxin-induced degradation of RBBP4, but not RBBP7, reprograms mESCs to the totipotent 2C-like cells. Also, loss of RBBP4 enhances transition from mESCs to trophoblast cells. Mechanistically, RBBP4 binds to the endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) and functions as an upstream regulator by recruiting G9a to deposit H3K9me2 on ERVL elements, and recruiting KAP1 to deposit H3K9me3 on ERV1/ERVK elements, respectively. Moreover, RBBP4 facilitates the maintenance of nucleosome occupancy at the ERVK and ERVL sites within heterochromatin regions through the chromatin remodeler CHD4. RBBP4 depletion leads to the loss of the heterochromatin marks and activation of TEs and 2C genes. Together, our findings illustrate that RBBP4 is required for heterochromatin assembly and is a critical barrier for inducing cell fate transition from pluripotency to totipotency.
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