Peripheral nerve stimulation: A neuromodulation-based approach

Recent technological improvements have positioned us at the threshold of innovative discoveries that will assist in new perspectives and avenues of research. Increased attention has been directed towards peripheral nerve stimulation, particularly of the vagus, trigeminal, or greater occipital nerve, due to their unique pathway that engages neural circuits within networks involved in higher cognitive processes. Here, we question whether the effects of transcutaneous electrical stimulation are mediated by synergistic interactions of multiple neuro-modulatory networks, considering this pathway is shared by more than one neuromodulatory system. By spotlighting this attractive transcutaneous pathway, this opinion piece aims to acknowledge the contributions of four vital neuromodulators and prompt researchers to consider them in future investigations or explanations.

Automated summary

Recent technological improvements have opened up new possibilities for innovative discoveries in research. There is growing interest in peripheral nerve stimulation, particularly the vagus, trigeminal, or greater occipital nerve, due to their involvement in higher cognitive processes. This opinion piece suggests that the effects of transcutaneous electrical stimulation may be influenced by the interaction of multiple neuromodulatory networks, and calls for further consideration of these networks in future research.