Properties of gamma-ray bursts associated with supernovae and kilonovae

We systematically compare the temporal and spectral properties of 53 supernova (SN)-associated and 15 kilonova (KN)-associated gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We find that the spectral parameters of both types of GRBs are identically and lognormally distributed, consistent with those normal GRBs. The bolometric luminosities of SN/GRBs and KN/GRBs have a triple form, with the corresponding break luminosities of SN/GRBs are roughly two orders of magnitude larger than those of KN/GRBs. We build the power-law relations between the spectral lag and the luminosity of prompt & gamma;-rays with indices of -1.43 & PLUSMN; 0.33 for SN/GRBs and -2.17 & PLUSMN; 0.57 for KN/GRBs in the laboratory frame, which are respectively coincident with the rest-frame values. We verify that both SN/GRBs and KN/GRBs comply with their own Amati relations that match those of long and short GRBs, respectively. Analysing X-ray afterglows with good plateau segments, we build the power-law relations between the X-ray luminosity and the plateau time with an index of -1.12 & PLUSMN; 0.17 for KN/GRBs and -1.08 & PLUSMN; 0.22 for SN/GRBs, which can be well explained by the relativistic shock driven by an energy injection. The plots of luminosity-lag, Amati relation, and luminosity-time show heavy overlap between the two types of GRBs, implying that they might share the same radiation mechanism despite originating from different progenitors or central engines.

Automated summary

We compared the temporal and spectral properties of 53 supernova-associated and 15 kilonova-associated gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and found that both types of GRBs show similar spectral distributions. The bolometric luminosities of supernova/GRBs are much higher than those of kilonova/GRBs. We also found power-law relations between spectral lag and luminosity as well as X-ray luminosity and plateau time for both types of GRBs.