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Review
Chemistry, Applied
Deng Li et al.
Summary: Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) has great potential in green energy conversion and storage. However, current CO2 electrolyzers waste a large amount of input energy at the anode due to high overpotential requirements and low-value oxygen recovery. To optimize electricity utilization during electrolysis, coupling CO2RR with anodic alternatives that have low energy demands and/or profitable returns is promising. This review summarizes the latest advances in paired systems for simultaneous CO2 reduction and anode valorization, discusses their coupling mechanism, electrochemical performance, economic viability, and identifies challenges and opportunities for future research.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Donglin Zhu et al.
Summary: A feasible method for fabricating Mo2C nanosheets as electrocatalyst for nitrate electroreduction to ammonia is reported. The Mo2C nanosheets exhibit superior activity and selectivity, with an ammonia yield rate of 25.2 m.h(-1).-mg(-1). The reaction pathway of nitrate to ammonia conversion is proposed and verified through spectroscopic studies and theoretical calculations. This research is of great significance for wastewater treatment and resource recovery.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shiyin Yuan et al.
Summary: Excessive nitrate in water is a significant problem caused by fossil fuel combustion, inefficient nitrogen fertilizer use, and wastewater discharge. Electrocatalysis, utilizing electrons as green reducing agents, has become an effective method for nitrate reduction due to its high selectivity through cathode potential control. Iron-based catalysts, with advantages of high activity and low cost, are widely used in electrocatalytic nitrate reduction. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the electrocatalytic mechanism and iron-based materials for nitrate reduction, including monometallic iron-based materials, bimetallic iron-based materials, and iron oxide-based materials. It also focuses on the introduction of zero valent iron, single-atom iron catalysts, and Cu/Fe-based bimetallic electrocatalysts, which are essential for improving the performance of nitrate reduction. Finally, the advantages of iron-based materials for nitrate reduction and the current problems in applications are summarized, and the development prospects of efficient iron-based catalysts are proposed.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xinyu Yan et al.
Summary: A novel approach using continuous flat-sheet gas-permeable membranes (GPMs) reactor pretreatment efficiently removes and recovers ammonia-nitrogen；The ammonia-nitrogen removal efficiency reached 74.2% and 66.2% under specific conditions for simulated nitrogenous wastewater and landfill leachate, respectively；Furthermore, (NH4)2SO4 was successfully recovered, and stable hydrophobic properties were exhibited by the flat-sheet GPMs.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Izba Ali et al.
Summary: A double chamber electrochemical system was developed, consisting of a boron-doped diamond anode and a graphite cathode, which efficiently degrades sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and generates hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) simultaneously. The system showed excellent performance at optimized conditions, achieving SMX degradation of 95% and COD reduction of 90% after 180 minutes of electrolysis, while accumulating around 535 μM H2O2. A degradation pathway for SMX was proposed based on the identification of five intermediates.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xin Fang et al.
Summary: In this study, a novel transition bimetallic phosphide catalyst (CuFeP-x) was synthesized by phosphidation using CuFe-Prussian blue analogue (PBA) nanoparticles as the precursor. The obtained CuFeP-450 maintained the morphology of nanocube with the average size of 33.0 nm, and bimetallic phosphide nanoparticles formed during the phosphidation process. CuFeP-x exhibited higher electrocatalytic activity in electrochemical NO3- reduction compared to calcined CuFe-450 due to its lower interface impedance and a change in the dominant species for NO3- reduction. CuFeP-450 showed the best electrocatalytic performance for NO3- reduction (99.42%) with nearly 100% selectivity of N-2 under the condition of 1000 mg L-1 chloride ions. This simple method using PBA with binary transition metals provides a new direction for designing efficient non-noble metal electrocatalysts for NO3- reduction.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Anjaneyulu Chatla et al.
Summary: Sulphate (SO42-) is a common anion nutrient naturally occurring in water bodies, but can cause sour taste in household water and scaling in pipe lines in high concentrations. It can also lead to health issues such as laxative effect and dehydration. Various techniques have been developed to remove or minimize sulphate content in wastewater, with chemical precipitation being widely used. However, the solubility of gypsum limits the minimum sulphate concentration achievable. This review discusses traditional and recent sulphate removal techniques, as well as integrated systems combining advanced methods, and evaluates their life cycle and economic impacts.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yiyu Shi et al.
Summary: Cu2O-CuO submicron-cubes with heterostructure were synthesized by controlling the calcination temperature, leading to increased catalytic activity for CO oxidation.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Aprimedam Vass et al.
Summary: The field of electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction has seen rapid development, while the role of the anodic half-reaction has received less attention. This Perspective examines reports on the best-performing CO2 electrolyzer cells from the past 5 years to understand the significance of the anodic oxygen evolution catalyst. Factors affecting high performance and long lifetime are identified, and criteria for anode catalysts to achieve high performance are provided. Alternative anode reactions are also considered for high-value products and improved energy efficiency.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
You Xu et al.
Summary: This study designs a low-content Pd-Cu2O CEO catalyst for electrochemical NO3--to-NH3 transformation, which exhibits unique structural features and active sites, enabling efficient and selective ammonia synthesis.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Guangming Jiang et al.
Summary: Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction is an important method for nutrient recycling and complete nitrogen elimination. The in-situ electroreduction of CuAl-mixed oxide can stabilize Cu delta+ and achieve good performance in electrocatalytic nitrate reduction. Furthermore, coupling ENRR with a breakpoint chlorination reaction enables complete conversion of nitrate.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
G. Bharath et al.
Summary: This study successfully prepared 2-D Pd/MnFe2O4 nanosheets with high specific surface area and pore volume, exhibiting excellent CO2 reduction activity and formic acid production rate. Furthermore, coupling CO2 reduction with CH3OH oxidation reaction further increased the formic acid yield. The mechanism of the paired electrochemical reaction was also described in detail. The results showed that integrated future bifunctional fuel cells could achieve zero gas exhaust emission and sustainably produce high value-added chemicals.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Li He et al.
Summary: In this study, a binder-free composite cathode with low-energy consumption and long-term stability was successfully synthesized. Compared with monometallic composite cathode, this composite cathode exhibited better performance in NO3- removal and energy consumption, and maintained good electrocatalytic performance and stability in a wide range of conditions.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Miao Chen et al.
Summary: Nitrogen-polluted wastewater is a significant threat to the environment and human health. Bismuth-based materials have shown potential for wastewater treatment, but their electrocatalytic efficiency is unsatisfactory. In this study, Cu2O NPs/BiO2-x NSs were synthesized and demonstrated enhanced electrocatalytic activity for nitrate removal.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Dazhi Yao et al.
Summary: Ammonia is the second highest produced chemical in the world and is used for fertilizer production and as a carrier for renewable energy. The current production process for ammonia has high energy consumption, emissions, and capital investment, leading to the need for efficient alternatives. Electrocatalysis technologies, particularly the nitrogen reduction reaction, have great potential but face intrinsic limitations. This review discusses the roadmap towards green ammonia and explores emerging strategies beyond conventional catalyst design and engineering.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jianjun Zhou et al.
Summary: A cost-effective Cu2O/Cu NRs/CF cathode was reported with abundant Cu active sites and electron-rich Cu2O sites, exhibiting rapid nitrate reduction kinetics and no nitrite accumulation. The electrode showed efficient nitrate reduction and high selectivity for N-2 production with long-term stability and low energy consumption.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Feng Du et al.
Summary: In this study, different structures of metal-organic framework (MOF) materials were synthesized and pyrolyzed to prepare CuxO/C heterojunction composites, which were used as catalysts for NO3- reduction to NH3. It was found that Cu2O/CuO@C exhibited the best NRA activity, and the abundant interfacial area and exposed active sites were crucial for the activity enhancement.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jiwen Li et al.
Summary: The Cu2O@CuO-Ag core-shell structure photocatalyst shows high efficiency in degrading MO and reducing Cr(VI), with excellent catalytic performance under visible light.
SURFACES AND INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Lidong Wang et al.
Summary: In this study, a lattice confined Co-based catalyst was constructed through the in situ growth of Co active sites in MCM-48 molecular sieves to enhance the oxidation of magnesium sulfite. The anchoring of separated Co sites in MCM-48 matrix favored to inhibit the leaching of Co element and promote the generation of (SO5-)-S-center dot radical for the fastened oxidation of MgSO3.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gwangtaek Lee et al.
Summary: The study introduced a simple electrochemical system for ammonia recovery, which reduces stripping costs by accumulating a neutral species of ammonia. It demonstrated high efficiency in nitrogen migration in synthetic or real wastewater, supporting the conclusion that electrochemical approaches can achieve sustainable ammonia recovery.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Tianlun Ren et al.
Summary: In this study, Cu nanowires with concave-convex surface Cu2+1O layers were prepared for efficient nitrate electroreduction to ammonia. The electronic interactions and interface effects between Cu and Cu2+1O contribute to the improved electroreduction ability over the Cu@Cu2+1O NWs. Tailoring surface/interface properties and atom structure can lead to highly efficient electrocatalysts for ammonia synthesis.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ali Oji Moghanlou et al.
Summary: A copper oxide based photocatalyst was developed for the reduction of nitrobenzenes to aminobenzenes using hydrazine monohydrate under visible light. The photocatalyst, rGO/Cu2O-CuO, showed efficient photoactivity and stability for multiple reuse, as confirmed by various analytical techniques. The photocatalyst achieved successful reduction of nitrobenzenes with visible light radiation and maintained consistent efficiency over multiple cycles.
MOLECULAR CATALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Fubing Yao et al.
Summary: The Cu3P/CF composite electrode prepared by growing copper phosphide on copper foam demonstrated enhanced electrochemical performance for NO3- reduction with high N-2 selectivity, showing potential for practical applications in electrochemical denitrification processes.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Miao Chen et al.
Summary: By synthesizing Bi2O3-CC material, the nitrate removal efficiency was improved, and the presence of Cl- was found to benefit the NITRR process. Mechanistic studies revealed that both direct electron transfer and atomic H* contribute significantly to the reduction of nitrate to ammonia.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Qianqian Niu et al.
Summary: A novel catalyst composite (FeP/CC) was synthesized in this study, showing excellent performances in nitrate reduction and good efficiency in treating simulated municipal wastewater.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shuai Chen et al.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Amare Aregahegn Dubale et al.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jian-Ping Zou et al.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ying Kong et al.
JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2019)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jin Han et al.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xu Liang et al.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wang Lidong et al.
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
(2015)
