New insights toward molecular and nanotechnological approaches to antidiabetic agents for Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder affecting a major class of silver citizens. The disorder shares a mutual relationship on account of its cellular and molecular pathophysiology with type-II diabetes mellitus (DM). Chronic DM increases the risk for AD. Emerging evidence recommended that resistance in insulin production develops cognitive dysfunction, which generally leads to AD. Repurposing of antidiabetic drugs can be effective in preventing and treatment of the neurodegenerative disorder. Limitations of antidiabetic drugs restrict the repurposing of the drugs for other disorders. Therefore, nanotechnological intervention plays a significant role in the treatment of neurological disorders. In this review, we discuss the common cellular and molecular pathophysiologies between AD and type-II DM, the relevance of in vivo models of type II DM in the study of AD, and the repurposing of antidiabetic drugs and the nanodelivery systems of antidiabetic drugs against AD.

Automated summary

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type-II diabetes mellitus (DM) are mutually related chronic neurodegenerative disorders. Chronic DM increases the risk for AD due to insulin resistance and cognitive dysfunction. Repurposing of antidiabetic drugs and nanotechnological interventions show promise in the prevention and treatment of AD. This review explores the cellular and molecular pathophysiologies of AD and type-II DM, the use of in vivo DM models in AD studies, and the potential of antidiabetic drugs and nanodelivery systems for AD treatment.