4.5 Review

Research progress of mechanisms of fat necrosis after autologous fat grafting: A review

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Summary: This study investigated the incidence of fat necrosis after large-volume fat grafting and identified risk factors associated with fat necrosis. The study found that factors such as larger graft volumes, higher body mass index, concurrent implant exchange with fat grafting, and fat grafting after lumpectomy or mastectomy without preexpansion were associated with increased rates of fat necrosis. Additionally, radiation therapy may be linked to a higher rate of complications.

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Browning of White Adipocytes in Fat Grafts Associated With Higher Level of Necrosis and Type 2 Macrophage Recruitment

Tong Liu et al.

Summary: The study found that browning of adipocytes induced by fat transfer in mice is associated with higher levels of necrosis, elevated interleukin-6 levels, and an increase in type 2 macrophage profiles. These results suggest that post-grafting necrotic levels, elevated interleukin-6, and activated type 2 macrophage profiles are involved in promoting browning development in adipocytes induced by fat transfer.

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Necroptosis in Macrophage Foam Cells Promotes Fat Graft Fibrosis in Mice

Xihang Chen et al.

Summary: The study revealed that macrophage necroptosis plays a critical role in fat graft fibrosis after transplantation, with the necroptotic macrophages activating collagen synthesis in fibroblasts through a paracrine mechanism. Inhibition of necroptosis in macrophages could potentially prevent fibrosis in fat grafts.

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Fat grafting and platelet-rich plasma in wound healing: a review of histology from animal studies

Grant S. Nolan et al.

Summary: Stem cells and platelet-rich plasma show potential benefits in fat grafts and wound healing in animal models, but the variability in study quality calls for more high-quality human evidence to establish their clinical usefulness.

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Macrophage-inducible C-type lectin underlies obesity-induced adipose tissue fibrosis

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Vascularised fat flaps lose 44% of their weight 24 weeks after transplantation

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