Determining the distribution and accumulation patterns of floating litter in the Baltic Sea using modelling tools

Marine plastic floating on the sea surface is an extensive environmental problem. The present study investigated the transport patterns of marine litter and areas of its accumulation in the Baltic Sea by using a hydrodynamic model coupled with a particle-tracking model. We also studied the extent of marine litter from the main polluting rivers. Mapping of marine plastic debris distribution in 2017-2018 revealed that the largest plastic accumulation area is between latitude 59 degrees N and 61 degrees N, which includes the Northern Baltic Proper, Archipelago Sea, and the Gulf of Finland. The floating plastic spreads from the largest plastic pollution sites River Vistula, Oder and Neman to the waters of all the countries around the Baltic Sea.

Automated summary

This study used a hydrodynamic model and a particle-tracking model to investigate the transport patterns and accumulation areas of marine litter in the Baltic Sea. It also examined the extent of marine litter from major polluting rivers. Mapping of marine plastic debris distribution in 2017-2018 revealed that the largest accumulation area is between latitude 59 degrees N and 61 degrees N, encompassing the Northern Baltic Proper, Archipelago Sea, and the Gulf of Finland. Floating plastic spreads from the major pollution sites, River Vistula, Oder, and Neman, to the waters of all countries surrounding the Baltic Sea.