Modeling nutrient flows from land to rivers and seas-A review and synthesis

Water quality modeling facilitates management of nutrient flows from land to rivers and seas, in addition to environmental pollution management in watersheds. In the present paper, we review advances made in the development of seven water quality models and highlight their respective strengths and weaknesses. Afterward, we propose their future development directions, with distinct characteristics for different scenarios. We also discuss the practical problems that such models address in the same region, China, and summarize their different characteristics based on their performance. We focus on the temporal and geographical scales of the models, sources of pollution considered, and the main problems that can be addressed. Summary of such characteristics could facilitate the selection of appropriate models for resolving practical challenges on nutrient pollution in the corresponding scenarios globally by stakeholders. We also make recommendations for model enhancement to expand their capabilities.

Automated summary

Water quality modeling is essential for managing nutrient flows and pollution in rivers and seas. This paper reviews the development of seven water quality models, discusses their strengths, weaknesses, and future directions. It also addresses practical problems and summarizes the characteristics of these models in China, including temporal and geographical scales, pollution sources, and the main problems they can solve. Understanding these characteristics can help stakeholders globally select appropriate models for resolving nutrient pollution challenges. Recommendations for model enhancement are also provided.