Recent Trends in Macromolecule-Based Approaches for Hair Loss Treatment

Macromolecules are large, complex molecules composed of smaller subunits known as monomers. The four primary categories of macromolecules found in living organisms are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids; they also encompass a broad range of natural and synthetic polymers. Recent studies have shown that biologically active macromolecules can help regenerate hair, providing a potential solution for current hair regeneration therapies. This review examines the latest developments in the use of macromolecules for the treatment of hair loss. The fundamental principles of hair follicle (HF) morphogenesis, hair shaft (HS) development, hair cycle regulation, and alopecia have been introduced. Microneedle (MN) and nanoparticle (NP) delivery systems are innovative treatments for hair loss. Additionally, the application of macromolecule-based tissue-engineered scaffolds for the in vitro and in vivo neogenesis of HFs is discussed. Furthermore, a new research direction is explored wherein artificial skin platforms are adopted as a promising screening method for hair loss treatment drugs. Through these multifaceted approaches, promising aspects of macromolecules for future hair loss treatments are identified.

Automated summary

This article introduces that macromolecules are composed of smaller subunits and have significant roles in living organisms. Recent studies have shown that biologically active macromolecules can help regenerate hair, providing a potential solution for hair loss therapies. The article examines the latest developments in the use of macromolecules for hair loss treatment, including the principles of hair follicle morphogenesis, hair shaft development, hair cycle regulation, and alopecia. It also discusses innovative treatments such as microneedle and nanoparticle delivery systems and the application of macromolecule-based tissue-engineered scaffolds for hair follicle regeneration. Additionally, the article explores the use of artificial skin platforms as a promising screening method for hair loss treatment drugs. These multifaceted approaches identify promising aspects of macromolecules for future hair loss treatments.