Interaction of tumor-associated microglia/macrophages and cancer stem cells in glioma

Glioma is the most common tumor of the primary central nervous system, and its malignant phenotype has been shown to be closely related to glioma stem cells (GSCs). Although temozolomide has significantly improved the therapeutic outcome of glioma with a high penetration rate of the blood-brain barrier, resistance is often present in patients. Moreover, evidence has shown that the crosstalk between GSCs and tumor-associated microglia/ macrophages (TAMs) affect the clinical occurrence, growth, and multi-tolerance of chemoradiotherapy in gliomas. Here, we highlight its vital roles in the maintenance of the stemness of GSCs and the ability of GSCs to recruit TAMs to the tumor microenvironment and promote their polarization into tumor-promoting macrophages, hence providing groundwork for future research into new treatment strategies of cancer.

Automated summary

Glioma, the most common primary central nervous system tumor, is closely associated with glioma stem cells (GSCs). Despite the improved therapeutic outcome of glioma with the use of temozolomide, resistance is still present in many patients. Additionally, the interaction between GSCs and tumor-associated microglia/macrophages (TAMs) has been found to impact the occurrence, growth, and response to chemoradiotherapy in glioma. This study highlights the crucial roles of GSCs in maintaining their stemness and recruiting TAMs to the tumor microenvironment, leading to their polarization into tumor-promoting macrophages, thereby providing a foundation for future research on new cancer treatment strategies.