Oil-Water Separation using Synthetic Trees

Existing oil-water filtration techniques require gravity or a pump as the driving force for separation. Here, we demonstrate transpiration-powered oil-water filtration using a synthetic tree, which operates pumplessly and against gravity. From top to bottom, our synthetic tree was composed of: a nanoporous leaf to generate suction via evaporation, a vertical array of glass tubes serving as the tree's xylem conduits, and filters attached to the tube inlets to act as the oil-excluding roots. When placing the tree in an oil emulsion bath, filtrate samples were measured to be 97-98% pure water using gravimetry and refractometry. The spontaneous oil-water separation offered by synthetic trees could be useful for applications such as oil spill cleanup, wastewater purification, and oil extraction.

Automated summary

Researchers demonstrate a new method of oil-water filtration using a synthetic tree powered by transpiration. The synthetic tree generates suction through evaporation and consists of a nanoporous leaf, vertical glass tubes acting as xylem conduits, and filters attached to the tube inlets. Testing shows that the synthetic tree can achieve oil-water separation with filtrate samples measuring 97-98% pure water. This innovation has potential applications in oil spill cleanup, wastewater purification, and oil extraction.