Postharvest UV-B exposure drives changes in primary metabolism, phenolic concentration, and volatilome profile in berries of different grape (Vitis vinifera L.) varieties

BACKGROUNDThe ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation can alter grape metabolism during berry development, but little is known on the effect of postharvest UV-B exposure. In this study, we evaluated the effect of postharvest UV-B exposure on berry primary and secondary metabolites in four grapevine varieties (Aleatico, Moscato bianco, Sangiovese, and Vermentino) in order to evaluate the possibility to increase the grape quality and its nutraceutical properties. RESULTSThe treatment did not significantly affect the berry primary metabolism in terms of organic acids, carbohydrates, and amino acids profile, regardless of the variety. UV-B exposure reduced the total anthocyanin content, particularly the tri-substituted and di-substituted forms in Aleatico and Sangiovese, respectively. An overall negative effect of UV-B irradiation on the flavonols profile of Aleatico, Moscato bianco, and Vermentino berries was found, whereas it enhanced the quercetin, myricetin and kaempferol concentration in Sangiovese. The free fraction of berry volatile organic compounds increased in UV-B-treated Aleatico and Moscato bianco berries, especially C-13-norisoprenoids and volatile phenols, as well as key monoterpenes, such as the linalool derivatives. However, higher concentrations of glycosylated monoterpenes and C-13-norisoprenoids were measured in Sangiovese and Vermentino berries treated with UV-B. CONCLUSIONThis study provides new insights on the effect of postharvest UV-B radiation on berry secondary metabolism, highlighting a different modulation between varieties and suggesting the potential use of this technique to increase some nutraceutical and quality characteristics of grape berry. (c) 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

Automated summary

This study evaluated the effect of postharvest UV-B exposure on the primary and secondary metabolites of four grapevine varieties. The results showed that UV-B exposure did not significantly affect the primary metabolism of the berries. It reduced the total anthocyanin content in Aleatico and Sangiovese and had different effects on the flavonols profile. UV-B exposure increased the free fraction of volatile organic compounds in Aleatico and Moscato bianco, while increasing the concentrations of glycosylated monoterpenes and C-13-norisoprenoids in Sangiovese and Vermentino.