Ferulic and coumaric acid in corn and soybean meal-based diets and in feces from pigs fed these diets

BACKGROUNDArabinoxylan is the main fiber component in corn and corn co-products that are commonly included in pig diets. However, this fiber fraction is resistant to enzymatic degradation in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs. Ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid are covalently linked to arabinoxylan, so it is likely that the majority of these hydroxycinnamic acids are excreted in feces. However, data to confirm this have not been reported. The objective of this research was therefore to quantify the ferulic and p-coumaric acids in a diet based on corn and soybean meal (SBM) and in a diet based on corn, SBM, and distillers' dried grains with solubles, as well as in feces from pigs fed these diets. RESULTSThe concentration of bound ferulic and coumaric acids in diets was greater in the corn-SBM-DDGS diet and in feces from pigs fed this diet than in the corn-SBM diet and feces from pigs fed that diet. The disappearance of free coumaric acids was greater (>85%) than that of bound phenolic acids (<50%) in both diets. The disappearance of free coumaric acid and bound ferulic acid in the intestinal tract of pigs was not different between the two diets. In contrast, disappearance of bound coumaric acid was greater (P < 0.05) in the corn-SBM diet than in the corn-SBM-DDGS diet. CONCLUSIONA diet based on corn and SBM contains less hydroxycinnamic acid than a corn-SBM-DDGS diet but bound phenolic acids are more resistant to digestion by pigs than free phenolic acids. (c) 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

Automated summary

This study aimed to quantify the concentrations of ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid in a diet based on corn and soybean meal (SBM) and in feces from pigs fed this diet, as well as in a diet based on corn, SBM, and distillers' dried grains with solubles (DDGS) and in feces from pigs fed this diet. The results showed that the concentration of bound ferulic and p-coumaric acids was higher in the corn-SBM-DDGS diet and feces from pigs fed this diet compared to the corn-SBM diet and feces from pigs fed that diet.