Designing a Co-created Intervention to Promote Motivation and Maintenance of Time-Restricted Eating in Individuals With Overweight and Type 2 Diabetes

Objective: To design an appealing time-restricted eating (TRE) intervention by exploring behavioral and social mechanisms to improve TRE adoption and maintenance among people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and overweight. Time-restricted eating is an intermittent fasting regimen suggested to improve glycemic control and body weight.Methods: Intervention development combined coherence theory and empirical data (workshops and semistructured interviews with the target group, their relatives, and health care professionals [HCPs]). Ab-ductive analysis was applied.Results: The analysis suggested designing the TRE intervention in 2 phases: a short period with strict TRE, followed by a longer period focusing on adapting TRE to individual needs with support from HCPs, relatives, and peers. To reinforce TRE motivation and maintenance, HCPs should adopt a whole-person approach that focuses on par ticipants' previous experiences.Conclusions and Implications: Important intervention elements to promote TRE adoption and mainte-nance are suggested to include a 2-phase design and support from professionals, family, and peers.

Automated summary

The objective of this research is to design an attractive time-restricted eating (TRE) intervention that improves TRE adoption and maintenance among people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and overweight by exploring behavioral and social mechanisms. The study suggests a 2-phase design for the TRE intervention: a strict TRE period followed by a period focused on adapting TRE to individual needs, with support from healthcare professionals, relatives, and peers. The study highlights the importance of a whole-person approach by healthcare professionals and support from various sources to reinforce TRE motivation and maintenance.