期刊
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
卷 153, 期 9, 页码 2651-2662出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.05.021
关键词
biomarker; cancer; cardiovascular disease; diabetes; dietary fat; fat density; measurement error
Based on the Women's Health Initiative observational data, a low-fat dietary pattern is beneficial for breast cancer, coronary heart disease, and diabetes. After calibrating fat intake with biomarkers, the density of fat is associated with both breast cancer and coronary heart disease, but the association with coronary heart disease weakens after controlling for other dietary variables.
Background: The Women's Health Initiative (WHI) randomized, controlled Dietary Modification (DM) trial of a low-fat dietary pattern suggested intervention benefits related to breast cancer, coronary heart disease (CHD), and diabetes. Here, we use WHI observational data for further insight into the chronic disease implications of adopting this type of low-fat dietary pattern.Objectives: We aimed to use our earlier work on metabolomics-based biomarkers of carbohydrate and protein to develop a fat intake biomarker by subtraction, to use the resulting biomarker to develop calibration equations that adjusts self-reported fat intake for measurement error, and to study associations of biomarker-calibrated fat intake with chronic disease risk in WHI cohorts. Corresponding studies for specific fatty acids will follow separately.Methods: Prospective disease association results are presented using WHI cohorts of postmenopausal women, aged 50-79 y when enrolled at 40 United States clinical centers. Biomarker equations were developed using an embedded human feeding study (n = 153). Calibration equations were developed using a WHI nutritional biomarker study (n = 436). Calibrated intakes were associated with cancer, cardio-vascular diseases, and diabetes incidence in WHI cohorts (n = 81,954) over an approximate 20-y follow-up period.Results: A biomarker for fat density was developed by subtracting protein, carbohydrate, and alcohol densities from one. A calibration equation was developed for fat density. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for 20% higher fat density were 1.16 (1.06, 1.27) for breast cancer, 1.13 (1.02, 1.26) for CHD, and 1.19 (1.13, 1.26) for diabetes, in substantial agreement with findings from the DM trial. With control for additional dietary variables, especially fiber, fat density was no longer associated with CHD, with hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of 1.00 (0.88, 1.13), whereas that for breast cancer was 1.11 (1.00, 1.24).Conclusions: WHI observational data support prior DM trial findings of low-fat dietary pattern benefits in this population of post-menopausal United States women.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据