Magnetohydrodynamic flow of Copper-Water nanofluid over a rotating rigid disk with Ohmic heating and Hall Effects

In this article, a steady flow model is developed and analyzed for a water-based nanofluid that is generated by a rigid circular disk undergoing uniform rotation. Copper nanoparticles have been used for the analysis. Region over the plate is considered porous possessing uniform porosity whereas a uniformly impinged magnetic flux is assumed in the axial direction. Considerations of Hall currents and Ohmic heating are undertaken. To simplify the problem at hand, similarity transformations are utilized to transform it into a set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs), which can be more easily solved. Additionally, no-slip conditions are enforced at the boundary of the rigid disk. Numerical solutions for resulting nonlinear system are obtained via shooting method and are presented graphically for the detailed analysis. Results indicate that for magnetohydrodynamic flow with Hall effects through a porous medium, there is a direct proportion between axial velocity and volume fraction of copper-nanoparticles. Also, as the concentration of nanoparticles in the nanofluid increases, there is a corre-sponding increase in the temperature of the fluid. Additionally, at higher values of the Hall parameter, the impact of the Hartman number on flow variables is reduced.

Automated summary

In this article, a steady flow model is developed for a water-based nanofluid generated by a rotating circular disk. The analysis considers the use of copper nanoparticles and porous regions on the disk. The effects of Hall currents and Ohmic heating are also taken into account. The results show the relationship between axial velocity and copper-nanoparticle volume fraction, the impact of nanoparticle concentration on fluid temperature, and the influence of the Hall parameter on flow variables.