Growing Corn and Sugar Beets with Feedlot Effluent, Air Injection, and Subsurface Drip Irrigation System in Western Nebraska

As a state with the most irrigated agricultural land in the United States, Nebraska relies on freshwater resources for its irrigation. In addition to these conventional water sources, using nonconventional alternatives for crop production can be important during water shortage times. In this research, effluent from a feedlot lagoon was used as an irrigation water source at a subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) system for corn (C) and sugar beet (SB) production in western Nebraska during the 2019 and 2021 growing seasons. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of air injection on C and SB yield when using feedlot runoff as an irrigation source in a SDI system. Results indicated that air injection treatment (O), compared to noninjection treatment (NO), increased corn yield by 5.50% in the 2019 growing season, yet differences were not significant. During the 2021 growing season, O significantly increased corn yield by 9.17% (p = 0.04). Differences in irrigation water productivity (IWP) of NO (14.19 +/- 1.90 kg ha(-1) mm(-1)) and O (14.86 +/- 1.79 kg ha(-1) mm(-1)) were not significant during the 2019 growing season while significant differences in IWP of NO (22.61 +/- 5.88 kg ha(-1) mm(-1)) and O (24.68 +/- 4.55 kg ha(-1) mm(-1)) were observed during the 2021 growing season (p = 0.004). In sugar beets, no significant difference was observed in crop yield or sucrose yield between O and NO during both growing seasons. Differences in IWP were not significant during the 2019 growing season (NO: 0.10 +/- 0.02 kg ha(-1) mm(-1), O: 0.10 +/- 0.03 kg ha(-1) mm(-1)) and 2021 growing season (NO: 0.10 +/- 0.04 kg ha(-1) mm(-1), O: 0.09 +/- 0.02 kg ha(-1) mm(-1)).(c) 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.

Automated summary

In this study, the effect of air injection on corn and sugar beet yield was evaluated when using effluent from a feedlot lagoon as an irrigation water source in a subsurface drip irrigation system. The results showed that air injection treatment had a positive impact on corn yield, significantly increasing it in the 2021 growing season. However, no significant difference was observed in sugar beet yield between the air injection and non-injection treatments.