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At the interfaces of the hydrologic sciences: Connecting water, elements, ecosystems, and people through the major contributions of Dr. Emily Bernhardt

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Article Limnology

Extent, patterns, and drivers of hypoxia in the world's streams and rivers

Joanna R. Blaszczak et al.

Summary: This study reveals that hypoxia is a global issue in rivers, with a prevalence of 12.6% in sampled sites. Hypoxic events are more likely to occur at night and are influenced by river attributes rather than watershed characteristics. Warmer, smaller, and lower-gradient rivers with urban or wetland land cover show a higher likelihood of hypoxia.

LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LETTERS (2023)

Article Plant Sciences

Seed microbiota revealed by a large-scale meta-analysis including 50 plant species

Marie Simonin et al.

Summary: Seed microbiota is a diverse and variable microbial community, with a stable core fraction consisting of around 30 dominant bacterial and fungal taxa present across different plant species and samples worldwide. Understanding the characteristics of core and flexible seed microbiota will help uncover their roles in plant health and microbiome engineering.

NEW PHYTOLOGIST (2022)

Article Plant Sciences

Salinity thresholds for understory plants in coastal wetlands

Steven M. Anderson et al.

Summary: The study found that ground layer plants can be reliable indicators of salinity thresholds in coastal wetlands. By monitoring the sensitivity of plants to saltwater exposure, areas at risk for undergoing future community shifts can be identified.

PLANT ECOLOGY (2022)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Light and flow regimes regulate the metabolism of rivers

Emily S. Bernhardt et al.

Summary: Mean annual temperature and precipitation do not explain variation in gross primary productivity (GPP) or ecosystem respiration (ER) in rivers. There is significant variation in the magnitude and seasonality of GPP and ER across US rivers. Rivers respire more carbon than they fix and have less consistent seasonality compared to terrestrial ecosystems. Variation in annual solar energy inputs and flow stability drive GPP and ER in rivers.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2022)

Article Environmental Sciences

Alkaline mine drainage drives stream sediment microbial community structure and function

Lingrong Jin et al.

Summary: This study investigated the sediment microbiomes in streams impacted by coal mining to understand how microbial community composition and function respond to mining activities. The research found that mining leads to shifts in microbial community structure and identified potential microbial indicators sensitive to mining impacts.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2022)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Amazon forests capture high levels of atmospheric mercury pollution from artisanal gold mining

Jacqueline R. Gerson et al.

Summary: The Peruvian Amazon is facing the highest known input of mercury pollution in any ecosystem globally, especially the forests near artisanal gold mining. Artisanal and small-scale gold mining is the largest global source of mercury, surpassing coal combustion. This study found that intact forests in the Peruvian Amazon near gold mining intercept large amounts of mercury, resulting in elevated mercury levels in the atmosphere, canopy foliage, and soils. Significant mercury accumulation was also observed in soils, biomass, and resident songbirds in protected and biodiverse areas, raising concerns about the impact of mercury pollution on conservation efforts in tropical ecosystems.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2022)

Article Ecology

Climate Change Driving Widespread Loss of Coastal Forested Wetlands Throughout the North American Coastal Plain

Elliott E. White et al.

Summary: Coastal forested wetlands in North America have been diminishing in extent due to historic drainage and agricultural expansion. Satellite imagery analysis shows that between 1996 and 2016, there was a net loss of approximately 13,682 km² of forested coastal wetlands across the North America's Coastal Plain. Factors such as sea level rise, tropical storm landings, and watershed elevation explain most of the variation in coastal wetland deforestation extent.

ECOSYSTEMS (2022)

Article Environmental Sciences

Ecosystem modification and network position impact insect-mediated contaminant fluxes from a mountaintop mining-impacted river network

Laura C. Naslund et al.

Summary: Studies have found that watershed mining extent, settling ponds, and network position are potential drivers of selenium fluxes mediated by aquatic insects. In areas with mining activities, insect selenium concentration is higher, while settling ponds and network position play a major role in selenium flux. Selenium flux is highest in the river mainstem or below ponds, indicating the importance of considering controls on insect production for accurate estimation of contaminant fluxes.

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Continental-scale analysis of shallow and deep groundwater contributions to streams

Danielle K. Hare et al.

Summary: Groundwater discharge has a significant impact on streamflow and thermal regimes, with the vulnerability of streams to stressors depending on the aquifer source-depth of groundwater discharge. Shallow groundwater is more susceptible to temperature increase and depletion, while streams in areas with greater human disturbance show reduced stream-groundwater connectivity.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

Article Ecology

Rapid deforestation of a coastal landscape driven by sea-level rise and extreme events

Emily A. Ury et al.

Summary: Climate change is causing ecological shifts in coastal regions, with significant impacts on ecosystems and the carbon cycle. A study in North Carolina's largest coastal wildlife refuge showed that nearly one third of the area experienced land cover changes, including loss of coastal forests and expansion of shrublands. These changes highlight the vulnerability of coastal areas to climate change and the potential implications for wetland function, wildlife habitat, and global carbon cycling.

ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS (2021)

Article Environmental Sciences

Lethal impacts of selenium counterbalance the potential reduction in mercury bioaccumulation for freshwater organisms

Jacqueline R. Gerson et al.

Summary: Research shows that selenium exposure may reduce MeHg bioaccumulation and toxicity, but does not affect the MeHg concentration in diatoms under high MeHg treatment. Only in high MeHg treatment, the addition of SeMet leads to a decrease in mayfly MeHg concentrations and biomagnification factors. However, Se is toxic to mayflies, causing negative effects such as reduced escape behavior and prolonged metamorphosis time.

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (2021)

Article Limnology

Hypoxia dynamics and spatial distribution in a low gradient river

Alice M. Carter et al.

Summary: Studies have found frequent occurrences of hypoxia in rivers and streams in the North Carolina Piedmont region, especially during warm and low flow periods. It is crucial to use new approaches to assess and compare oxygen levels in rivers.

LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY (2021)

Article Ecology

Consistent declines in aquatic biodiversity across diverse domains of life in rivers impacted by surface coal mining

Marie Simonin et al.

Summary: Studies have shown that coal surface mining in Central Appalachia alters downstream water chemistry and negatively impacts aquatic biodiversity. Even at low levels of mining impact, extensive declines in bacterial, algal, and macroinvertebrate communities have been observed.

ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS (2021)

Article Environmental Sciences

Mountaintop mining legacies constrain ecological, hydrological and biogeochemical recovery trajectories

Matthew R. Ross et al.

Summary: Mountaintop mining in the United States fundamentally alters the critical zone processes, leading to post-mining landscapes dominated by shorter and sparser trees rather than diverse Appalachian forests. Changes in hydrology and geology after mining result in slow-moving water and elevated weathering, constraining the establishment of native forests for many decades.

ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS (2021)

Article Water Resources

A century of change: Reconstructing the biogeochemical history of Hubbard Brook

Gene E. Likens et al.

Summary: Ecosystems continuously adapt to changes in biogeochemical inputs, vegetation, and climate, with disturbances creating long-lasting impacts on nutrient balances. In the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, historical reconstructions showed peak acid rain in the late 1960s-early 1970s, leading to changes in stream water chemistry and losses of soil base cations. The impact of acid rain on exports from watershed-ecosystems was found to be larger than historical forest harvest effects, demonstrating the significance of chemical flux calculations.

HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES (2021)

Article Water Resources

Characterizing and classifying urban watersheds with compositional and structural attributes

Joseph M. Delesantro et al.

Summary: This study utilized geospatial data to expand the characterization of developed landscapes and created a typology to better understand the impact of complex developed landscapes across urban to rural gradient. Results showed that infrastructure, population density, and geology are better predictors of baseflow stream water chemistry, compared to traditional land-cover based classification. The developed landscape typology based on composition and structure explained over 50% of the variation in several water chemistry parameters, demonstrating the importance of these factors in defining developed landscapes and improving water management classes.

HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES (2021)

Article Microbiology

Guided by Microbes: Applying Community Coalescence Principles for Predictive Microbiome Engineering

Jennifer D. Rocca et al.

Summary: The article discusses theoretical and experimental knowledge on microbial community coalescence, with a focus on managed ecosystems, highlighting the importance of microbial ecological theory in achieving desired coalescence outcomes. The authors also emphasize the significance of considering massive dispersal events of microbiomes for better prediction of microbial community dynamics and responses to disturbances, while pointing out challenges and unanswered questions that need to be addressed.

MSYSTEMS (2021)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Contaminant Subsidies to Riparian Food Webs in Appalachian Streams Impacted by Mountaintop Removal Coal Mining

Laura C. Naslund et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2020)

Article Environmental Sciences

Mercury and selenium loading in mountaintop mining impacted alkaline streams and riparian food webs

Jacqueline R. Gerson et al.

BIOGEOCHEMISTRY (2020)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Copper and Gold Nanoparticles Increase Nutrient Excretion Rates of Primary Consumers

Brittany G. Perrotta et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2020)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Do Two Wrongs Make a Right? Persistent Uncertainties Regarding Environmental Selenium-Mercury Interactions

Jacqueline R. Gerson et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2020)

Article Management

Universities' commitment to interdisciplinary research: To what end?

Erin Leahey et al.

RESEARCH POLICY (2020)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Beyond Selenium: Coal Combustion Residuals Lead to Multielement Enrichment in Receiving Lake Food Webs

Jessica E. Brandt et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2019)

Article Environmental Sciences

Watershed urban development controls on urban streamwater chemistry variability

Joanna R. Blaszczak et al.

BIOGEOCHEMISTRY (2019)

Article Geosciences, Multidisciplinary

Human domination of the global water cycle absent from depictions and perceptions

Benjamin W. Abbott et al.

NATURE GEOSCIENCE (2019)

Article Environmental Sciences

Excess Nitrate Export in Mountaintop Removal Coal Mining Watersheds

Alexander C. Brooks et al.

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES (2019)

Article Limnology

Emergent productivity regimes of river networks

Lauren E. Koenig et al.

LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LETTERS (2019)

Article Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary

Interdisciplinarity revisited: evidence for research impact and dynamism

Keisuke Okamura

PALGRAVE COMMUNICATIONS (2019)

Review Limnology

The metabolic regimes of flowing waters

E. S. Bernhardt et al.

LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY (2018)

Article Environmental Sciences

Overcoming Equifinality: Leveraging Long Time Series for Stream Metabolism Estimation

Alison P. Appling et al.

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES (2018)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Dosing, Not the Dose: Comparing Chronic and Pulsed Silver Nanoparticle Exposures

Benjamin P. Colman et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2018)

Review Microbiology

Understanding how microbiomes influence the systems they inhabit

Ed K. Hall et al.

NATURE MICROBIOLOGY (2018)

Article Environmental Sciences

Evaluating the effects of and-use change and future climate change on vulnerability of coastal landscapes to saltwater intrusion

Abinash Bhattachan et al.

ELEMENTA-SCIENCE OF THE ANTHROPOCENE (2018)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Give and Take: A Watershed Acid Rain Mitigation Experiment Increases Baseflow Nitrogen Retention but Increases Stormflow Nitrogen Export

Richard E. Marinos et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2018)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The metabolic regimes of 356 rivers in the United States

Alison P. Appling et al.

SCIENTIFIC DATA (2018)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Selenium Ecotoxicology in Freshwater Lakes Receiving Coal Combustion Residual Effluents: A North Carolina Example

Jessica E. Brandt et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2017)

Article Ecology

Synthetic chemicals as agents of global change

Emily S. Bernhardt et al.

FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT (2017)

Article Environmental Sciences

Fertilizer legacies meet saltwater incursion: challenges and constraints for coastal plain wetland restoration

Marcelo Ardon et al.

ELEMENTA-SCIENCE OF THE ANTHROPOCENE (2017)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Deep Impact: Effects of Mountaintop Mining on Surface Topography, Bedrock Structure, and Downstream Waters

Matthew R. V. Ross et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2016)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Downstream Dissipation of Storm Flow Heat Pulses: A Case Study and its Landscape-Level Implications

Kayleigh A. Somers et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION (2016)

Review Environmental Sciences

Designer Ecosystems: Incorporating Design Approaches into Applied Ecology

Matthew R. V. Ross et al.

ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENVIRONMENT AND RESOURCES, VOL 40 (2015)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Emerging Contaminant or an Old Toxin in Disguise? Silver Nanoparticle Impacts on Ecosystems

Benjamin P. Colman et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2014)

Article Biodiversity Conservation

Drought-induced saltwater incursion leads to increased wetland nitrogen export

Marcelo Ardon et al.

GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY (2013)

Article Environmental Sciences

Generation, transport, and disposal of wastewater associated with Marcellus Shale gas development

Brian D. Lutz et al.

WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH (2013)

Article Ecology

Streams in the urban heat island: spatial and temporal variability in temperature

Kayleigh A. Somers et al.

FRESHWATER SCIENCE (2013)

Article Environmental Sciences

Nitrate in watersheds: Straight from soils to streams?

Elizabeth B. Sudduth et al.

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES (2013)

Article Ecology

Streams in the urban heat island: spatial and temporal variability in temperature

Kayleigh A. Somers et al.

FRESHWATER SCIENCE (2013)

Article Engineering, Environmental

How Many Mountains Can We Mine? Assessing the Regional Degradation of Central Appalachian Rivers by Surface Coal Mining

Emily S. Bernhardt et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2012)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The water footprint of humanity

Arjen Y. Hoekstra et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2012)

Article Engineering, Environmental

What is a stream?

Martin W. Doyle et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2011)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Cumulative impacts of mountaintop mining on an Appalachian watershed

T. Ty Lindberg et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2011)

Article Environmental Sciences

Phosphorus export from a restored wetland ecosystem in response to natural and experimental hydrologic fluctuations

Marcelo Ardon et al.

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES (2010)

Article Environmental Sciences

An Ecological Perspective on Nanomaterial Impacts in the Environment

Emily S. Bernhardt et al.

JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY (2010)

Review Ecology

Stream restoration strategies for reducing river nitrogen loads

Laura S. Craig et al.

FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT (2008)

Editorial Material Multidisciplinary Sciences

Environmental science - Aging infrastructure and ecosystem restoration

Martin W. Doyle et al.

SCIENCE (2008)

Article Ecology

Stream restoration practices in the southeastern United States

Elizabeth B. Sudduth et al.

RESTORATION ECOLOGY (2007)

Article Ecology

Restoring streams in an urbanizing world

Emily S. Bernhardt et al.

FRESHWATER BIOLOGY (2007)

Article Biodiversity Conservation

Standards for ecologically successful river restoration

MA Palmer et al.

JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY (2005)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

In-stream uptake dampens effects of major forest disturbance on watershed nitrogen export

ES Bernhardt et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2003)