Stability of organic matter-iron-phosphate associations during abiotic reduction of iron

The stability of organic matter-iron-phosphate (OM-Fe-P) association has an important impact on the migration and sequestration of organic carbon (OC) and P in the environment. Here, we examined the release character-istics of Fe, P and OM due to the abiotic reduction of OM-Fe-P associations by Na-dithionite. The associations were synthesized with algae-derived OM (AOM) and terrestrial humic acid (HA) through either adsorption onto iron (hydr)oxide or coprecipitation with Fe(III). Results indicated that OM and P adsorbed onto the associations were rapidly released, whereas coprecipitation yielded much lower release rates of Fe, P, and OM. The stronger inhibitory effect on reduction from coprecipitation can be explained by larger particles formed by coprecipitation and coprecipitation taking up more OC that had a passivation effect on the associations. The release rates of OM and P were lower in coprecipitates formed with HA than formed with AOM for a given OC/Fe ratio. This observation can be attributed to a patchy distribution of OC in AOM associated coprecipitates, which showed a weaker aggregation of OC with Fe and P. In contrast, the distribution of OC in HA-associated coprecipitates was more homogenous, enabling a stronger aggregation of OM with P and a greater passivation effect on P release. Our results revealed that OM sources, association formation pathways, and elemental stoichiometry collectively controlled the stability of OM-Fe-P associations.

Automated summary

The stability of organic matter-iron-phosphate (OM-Fe-P) associations is influenced by the sources of organic matter, association formation pathways, and elemental stoichiometry. In this study, we investigated the release characteristics of Fe, P, and OM from the abiotic reduction of OM-Fe-P associations. Results showed that coprecipitation of OM with Fe(III) yielded lower release rates compared to adsorption onto iron (hydr)oxide. The inhibitory effect in coprecipitates can be attributed to larger particle size and passivation of the associations by OC. The distribution and aggregation of OC in coprecipitates varied depending on the type of organic matter used.