期刊
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
卷 446, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130656
关键词
Oil biodegradation; Arctic; Microbiome; Oil-degrading bacteria
The growth of oil-degrading bacteria in the Arctic marine environment is limited by the harsh conditions such as nutrient limitations and sub-zero temperatures. The study found that the variance between epipelagic and mesopelagic zones could limit the growth of oil-degrading bacteria and result in lower oil biodegradation rates in the epipelagic zone. The environmental conditions in the epipelagic zone limited oil biodegradation performance by limiting bacterial growth.
Oil spill attenuation in Arctic marine environments depends on oil-degrading bacteria. However, the seasonally harsh conditions in the Arctic such as nutrient limitations and sub-zero temperatures limit the activity even for bacteria capable of hydrocarbon metabolism at low temperatures. Here, we investigated whether the variance between epipelagic (seasonal temperature and inorganic nutrient variations) and mesopelagic zone (stable environmental conditions) could limit the growth of oil-degrading bacteria and lead to lower oil biodegradation rates in the epipelagic than in the mesopelagic zone. Therefore, we deployed absorbents coated with three oil types in a SW-Greenland fjord system at 10-20 m (epipelagic) and 615-650 m (mesopelagic) water depth for one year. During this period we monitored the development and succession of the bacterial biofilms colonizing the oil films by 16S rRNA gene amplicon quantification and sequencing, and the progression of oil biodegradation by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry oil fingerprinting analysis. The removal of hydrocarbons was signifi-cantly different, with several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons showing longer half-life times in the epipelagic than in the mesopelagic zone. Bacterial community composition and density (16S rRNA genes/ cm2) significantly differed between the two zones, with total bacteria reaching to log-fold higher densities (16S rRNA genes/cm2) in the mesopelagic than epipelagic oil-coated absorbents. Consequently, the environmental conditions in the epipelagic zone limited oil biodegradation performance by limiting bacterial growth.
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